Low or Declining Gait Speed is Associated With Risk of Developing Dementia Over 5 Years Among People Aged 85 Years and Over

Öhlin, Jerry; Gustafson, Yngve; Littbrand, Håkan; Toots, Annika

doi:10.1123/japa.2020-0266

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Dementia is a group of different progressive diseases that currently has no cure and is arguably the most pressing public health challenge [2,6]. It is a syndrome that primarily affects older people and is characterized Open Access *Correspondence: vorapun.sen@mahidol.ac.th by a decline in cognitive performance that affects the individual's ability related to cognitive and physical functions [1,[7][8][9][10]. Dementia and falls were reported as the top five causes of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in people aged 75 and older [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative gait analysis in mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and cognitively intact individuals: a cross-sectional case–control study

et al. 2022

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Background Cognitive age-related decline is linked to dementia development and gait has been proposed to measure the change in brain function. This study aimed to investigate if spatiotemporal gait variables could be used to differentiate between the three cognitive status groups. Methods Ninety-three older adults were screened and classified into three groups; mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 32), dementia (n = 31), and a cognitively intact (n = 30). Spatiotemporal gait variables were assessed under single- and dual-tasks using an objective platform system. Effects of cognitive status and walking task were analyzed using a two-way ANCOVA. Sub-comparisons for between- and within-group were performed by one-way ANCOVA and Paired t-tests. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) was used to discriminate between three groups on gait variables. Results There were significant effects (P < 0.05) of cognitive status during both single and dual-task walking in several variables between the MCI and dementia and between dementia and cognitively intact groups, while no difference was seen between the MCI and cognitively intact groups. A large differentiation effect between the groups was found for step length, stride length, and gait speed during both conditions of walking. Conclusions Spatiotemporal gait variables showed discriminative ability between dementia and cognitively intact groups in both single and dual-tasks. This suggests that gait could potentially be used as a clinical differentiation marker for individuals with cognitive problems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative gait analysis in mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and cognitively intact individuals: a cross-sectional case–control study

et al. 2022

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“…Some previous studies with relatively small sample sizes have shown that brisk walking pace was related to lower risk dementia [ 3 , 5 , 7 – 12 ], whereas other studies conducted in the elderly population [ 15 , 16 ] found that gait speed was not associated with dementia. Recently, a large cohort study also demonstrated that slow walking pace was associated with higher risks of all dementia types [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Walking pace has been recognized as a reliable, valid, and sensitive measure to screen older adults for subclinical pathogenetic processes that may impair overall health and function [ 5 ]. Several studies have shown that a brisk walking pace was associated with a lower risk of dementia [ 3 , 5 – 14 ], while some studies have reported no significant association [ 15 , 16 ]. Another measure of physical function is grip strength as it measures muscular strength and biological validity, and poorer grip strength has been reported to be associated with mortality, and other negative health outcomes [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Walking pace, handgrip strength, age, APOE genotypes, and new-onset dementia: the UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Zhou

et al. 2023

Alz Res Therapy

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Background The independent and additive associations of walking pace and grip strength on dementia risk and the potential modifying effects of age, APOE phenotypes, and other dementia risk factors on the walking pace and dementia relationships demand further clarification. We aimed to investigate the independent and additive relationships of walking pace and handgrip strength on the risk of new-onset dementia and examine the potentially modifying effects of age, APOE phenotypes, lifestyle factors, and family history of dementia in the relationships. Methods A total of 495,700 participants from the UK Biobank, who were free of dementia at baseline, were included in this study. Walking pace was self-defined as slow, average, or brisk. Handgrip strength was assessed by dynamometer and was divided into sex-specific quartiles. The APOE genotypes were determined by a combination variant of rs429358 and rs7412. Other dementia risk factors, including education, physical activity, hypertension, depression, diabetes, and family history of dementia, were also collected. The primary outcome was new-onset all-cause dementia. Results Over a median follow-up duration of 12.0 years, 3986 (0.8%) participants developed new-onset all-cause dementia. Compared with those with slow walking pace, participants with average (HR, 0.61; 95%CI: 0.55–0.68) or brisk (HR, 0.59; 95%CI: 0.52–0.67) walking pace had a significantly lower risk of new-onset all-cause dementia. Moreover, compared with those with both slow walking pace and lower handgrip strength (the first quartile), the lowest risk of new-onset all-cause dementia was observed in participants with both average or brisk walking pace and higher handgrip strength (the 2–4 quartiles) (HR, 0.45; 95%CI: 0.40–0.52). Notably, the negative relationship between walking pace and the risk of new-onset all-cause dementia was significantly reduced as APOE ε4 dosage increased (APOE ε4 dosages = 0 or 1: brisk vs. slow: HR, 0.55; 95%CI: 0.48–0.63; vs. APOE ε4 dosages = 2: brisk vs. slow: HR, 1.14; 95%CI: 0.77–1.68; P for interaction = 0.001) or age increased (< 58 [median]: brisk vs. slow: HR, 0.27; 95%CI: 0.18–0.41; vs. ≥ 58 years: brisk vs. slow: HR, 0.55; 95%CI: 0.48–0.63; P for interaction = 0.007). Conclusions Walking pace was inversely associated with new-onset dementia in the general population, especially in younger participants and those with lower APOE ε4 dosage. Participants with both faster walking pace and higher handgrip strength had the lowest risk of dementia, suggesting that maintaining both high handgrip strength and fast walking pace may be a more comprehensive strategy for preventing dementia risk.

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“…Além da associação dos sintomas depressivos com a VM confortável, também foi observado em nosso estudo que os idosos que apresentaram declínio cognitivo tiveram maiores chances de baixo desempenho na VM confortável. A literatura apresenta que as funções cognitivas exercem importante papel no controle da VM (HOOGENDIJK et al, 2019;ÖHLIN et al, 2021) destacando-se a memória, a função executiva e a percepção espacial como as quais interferem na marcha, no processamento do córtex motor, gânglios basais e cerebelo (BURACCHIO et al, 2010;HASHIMOTO et al, 2014;JABOU-RIAN et al, 2014;OJAGBEMI et al, 2015). Uma diferença de 0,3m/s na VM confortável aumenta o risco em duas vezes de apresentar declínio na atenção e na velocidade psicomotora (INZITARI et al, 2007).…”

Section: I S C U S S ã Ounclassified

Associação Entre Declínio Cognitivo, Sintomas Depressivos E Do Medo De Cair Com a Velocidade Da Marcha Confortável Em Idosos Comunitários

Mendrano

Gonçalves

Jesus

et al. 2022

Estud. interdiscip. envelhec.

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Diminuições na velocidade da marcha (VM) estão associadas a desfechos adversos na saúde física e mental em idosos. Assim, torna-se relevante identificar fatores que podem associar-se com a VMconfortável em idosos, de forma a propor estratégias para prevenção de alterações na mobilidade. Objetivo: verificar a associação entre declínio cognitivo, sintomas depressivos e do medo de cair com a VM confortável em idosos comunitários. Métodos: tratou-se de um estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística, incluindo 308 idosos comunitários. O desfecho do estudo foi a VM confortável, sendo considerado como baixo desempenho VM < 0,8m/s. As variáveis preditoras foram 1) declínio cognitivo avaliado pelo Mini Exame do Estado Mental, 2) sintomas depressivos avaliados com a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada e 3) medo de cair avaliado pela FallsEfficacy Scale – Brasil. Para analisar a associação entre as variáveis foi utilizada a Regressão Logística Multivariada. Resultados: idosos tiveram chances significativamente maiores de apresentar baixodesempenho na VM confortável quando apresentaram declínio cognitivo (OR: 4,67; IC95%: 1,68; 12,94), sintomas depressivos (OR: 2,90; IC95%: 1,42; 5,92) e medo de cair (OR: 4,08; IC95%: 1,72;9,71) quando comparados aos que não tiveram essas condições. Conclusão: o declínio cognitivo, sintomas depressivos e medo de cair foram associados ao baixo desempenho na VM confortável nos idosos amostrados. Esses achados podem servir para identificação precoce dos fatores que estão associados a alterações na VM confortável, contribuindo para a proposição de estratégias públicas em saúde e no direcionamento de atividades de promoção em saúde para idosos comunitários.

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Low or Declining Gait Speed is Associated With Risk of Developing Dementia Over 5 Years Among People Aged 85 Years and Over

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Quantitative gait analysis in mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and cognitively intact individuals: a cross-sectional case–control study

Quantitative gait analysis in mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and cognitively intact individuals: a cross-sectional case–control study

Walking pace, handgrip strength, age, APOE genotypes, and new-onset dementia: the UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Associação Entre Declínio Cognitivo, Sintomas Depressivos E Do Medo De Cair Com a Velocidade Da Marcha Confortável Em Idosos Comunitários

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