Low normal thyroid function as a determinant of increased large very low density lipoprotein particles

Pre-β-HDL formation relates to high-normal free thyroxine in type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Furthermore, plasma PLTP activity was elevated in T2DM as expected [9,23]. The current study also extends recent findings with respect to a positive relationship between low-normal thyroid function and plasma triglycerides, which are ascribed at least in part to increased concentrations of large very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles [19,22]. In turn, the rate of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer is predominantly affected by large VLDL particles [29].…”

“…Moreover, this difference was no longer significant after adjustment for age, sex and the use of glucose lowering medication. In other studies, free T4 was found to be unchanged in T2DM [19,22]. Besides expectedly lower HDL cholesterol and apoA-I levels [22,23], we also noted that the HDL cholesterol/apoA-I ratio was lower in T2DM, which points to a decrease in HDL particle size [22,23,24].…”

Low–normal thyroid function and the pathogenesis of common cardio‐metabolic disorders

“…Furthermore, VLDL particle clearance is decreased in hypothyroidism which is due to impaired activity of lipoprotein lipase and probably also to impaired hepatic VLDL removal via LDL receptor‐related protein 1 . Low–normal FT4 levels may predict an increased concentration of large VLDL particles and a greater VLDL size , raising the possibility that abnormalities in triglyceride metabolism may represent an early abnormality in the setting of low–normal thyroid function.…”

Serum paraoxonase‐1 activity is inversely related to free thyroxine in euthyroid subjects: The PREVEND Cohort Study

“…Its correlation with non‐HDL cholesterol and triglycerides is probably explained by an association of PON‐1 with very low‐density lipoproteins which are able to act as a vector for its cellular secretion . Such relations of PON‐1 activity with circulating lipoproteins together with the effect of low‐normal thyroid function to increase plasma cholesterol and triglycerides underscore the necessity to adjust for (apo) lipoprotein levels when evaluating the relationship of PON‐1 activity with variation in thyroid function in euthyroid subjects. In the present study, we only included euthyroid subjects using strict criteria, that is TSH, free T 4 and free T 3 each being within their respective reference range, as done in other reports .…”