Low-noise low-jitter 32-pixels CMOS single-photon avalanche diodes array for single-photon counting from 300 nm to 900 nm

Scarcella, Carmelo; Tosi, Alberto; Villa, Federica; Tisa, Simone; Zappa, Franco

doi:10.1063/1.4850677

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The pump is a 404 nm laser diode SPAD array. The SPAD array is a 32 3 1 array of single-photon avalanche diodes 5,6 , with pixel pitch of 100 mm and photon detection efficiency 5% in the range 770-840 nm. It has active area diameter of 50 mm and a dark count rate of 100 counts/s per pixel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved double-slit interference pattern measurement with entangled photons

Kolenderski

Scarcella

Johnsen

et al. 2013

2013 Conference on Lasers &Amp; Electro-Optics Europe &Amp; International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC

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The double-slit experiment strikingly demonstrates the wave-particle duality of quantum objects. In this famous experiment, particles pass one-by-one through a pair of slits and are detected on a distant screen. A distinct wave-like pattern emerges after many discrete particle impacts as if each particle is passing through both slits and interfering with itself. Here we present a temporally-and spatially-resolved measurement of the double-slit interference pattern using single photons. We send single photons through a birefringent double-slit apparatus and use a linear array of single-photon detectors to observe the developing interference pattern. The analysis of the buildup allows us to compare quantum mechanics and the corpuscular model, which aims to explain the mystery of single-particle interference. Finally, we send one photon from an entangled pair through our double-slit setup and show the dependence of the resulting interference pattern on the twin photon's measured state. Our results provide new insight into the dynamics of the buildup process in the double-slit experiment, and can be used as a valuable resource in quantum information applications.W hile the double-slit experiment can be used to demonstrate the wave-like nature of quantum particles with mass, it can also be used to show the particle-like nature of light. Double-slit experiments with photons have been carried out using relatively slow exposing charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras [1][2][3] and by scanning a single-photon detector through a detection plane 4 , which cannot simultaneously record full spatial and temporal information. In our setup, we use an array of 32 single-photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) 5,6 as a detection ''screen'' for our double-slit setup. Using this SPAD array in our interference setup, we are able to observe the buildup of the double-slit interference pattern with high resolution in both space and time.Our experimental setup, shown in Fig. 1, uses photon pairs generated at 842 nm and 776 nm via the nonlinear process of spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) 7 . The 776 nm photon acts as a trigger to herald the presence of the 842 nm photon 8 . The 842 nm photon is coupled into a single-mode fibre, and a polarization controller prepares the state in an equal superposition of horizontal (H) and vertical (V) polarizations. This is then outcoupled, resulting in a free-space Gaussian spatial mode with a waist of 1.3 mm. This beam is collimated and sent to a polarization-based double slit composed of a calcite beam displacer. The birefringence of this crystal results in the displacement of horizontally polarized photons by 3.68 mm with respect to the vertically polarized photons. The beam displacer maps the polarization state of a photon into a spatial state, which is encoded in its path. These two paths are analogous to a double-slit apparatus. They are orthogonally polarized and thus carry distinguishing information, which is erased by a polarizer set at 45 degrees. A compensating crystal (CC) is placed after ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-resolved double-slit interference pattern measurement with entangled photons

Kolenderski

Scarcella

Johnsen

et al. 2013

2013 Conference on Lasers &Amp; Electro-Optics Europe &Amp; International Quantum Electronics Conference CLEO EUROPE/IQEC

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“…Single-photon detectors (SPD) have attracted considerable attention in recent years for their applications in 3D imaging, 1 spectral measurement 2 and quantum information. [3][4][5][6][7] Many technologies have been developed to realize the detection of single photon including the devices based on avalanche photodiode (APD) structure, [8][9][10] the superconducting materials, 11,12 and the quantum dots (QDs) techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantum dot asymmetric self-gated nanowire FET for high sensitive detection

et al. 2015

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We present a novel device for weak light detection based on self-gated nanowire field effect structure with embedded quantum dots beside the nanowire current channel. The quantum dot with high localization energy will make the device work at high detecting temperature and the nano-channel structure will provide high photocurrent gain. Simulation has been done to optimize the structure, explain the working principle and electrical properties of the devices. The nonlinear current-voltage characteristics have been demonstrated at different temperatures. The responsivity of the device is proven to be more than 4.8 × 106A/W at 50 K.

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“…To test the effect of spatial correlations between the pump and the SPDC photons we use an array of single photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) [17][18][19][20][21], which offer temporal and spatial resolution on a single photon level. Here we investigate the possibility of controlling the spatial characteristics of one of the photons produced from SPDC by altering the direction of the pump beam (ultimately to be modified by means of tip-tilt correction).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards correcting atmospheric beam wander via pump beam control in a down conversion process

Pugh¹,

Kolenderski²,

Scarcella³

et al. 2016

Opt. Express

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Correlated photon pairs produced by a spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) process can be used for secure quantum communication over long distances including free space transmission over a link through turbulent atmosphere. We experimentally investigate the possibility to utilize the intrinsic strong correlation between the pump and output photon spatial modes to mitigate the negative targeting effects of atmospheric beam wander. Our approach is based on a demonstration observing the deflection of the beam on a spatially resolved array of single photon avalanche diodes (SPAD-array).[1] T.

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Low-noise low-jitter 32-pixels CMOS single-photon avalanche diodes array for single-photon counting from 300 nm to 900 nm

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Time-resolved double-slit interference pattern measurement with entangled photons

Time-resolved double-slit interference pattern measurement with entangled photons

A quantum dot asymmetric self-gated nanowire FET for high sensitive detection

Towards correcting atmospheric beam wander via pump beam control in a down conversion process

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