Low-Noise Amplifier for Deep-Brain Stimulation (DBS)

Nordi, Tiago Matheus; Gounella, Rodrigo Henrique; Luppe, Maximiliam; Navarro, João Adolfo Caldas; Fonoff, Erich Talamoni; Colombari, Eduardo; Romero, Murilo A.; Carmo, J. P.

doi:10.3390/electronics11060939

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Signals at the input of an LNA present a variety of challenges, such as low amplitudes, on the order of microvolts, and low frequencies, close to 0 Hz. The amplifiers for neural recordings, found in the literature, typically exhibit a mid-band gain of 40 dB, with bandwidths ranging from sub-hertz to a few kilohertz or even a few dozen kilohertz [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Low-noise Amplifier (Lna)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microdevice in a Submicron CMOS for Closed-Loop Deep-Brain Stimulation (CLDBS)

Nordi,

Gounella,

Amorim

et al. 2024

JLPEA

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Deep-brain stimulation (DBS) is a highly effective and safe medical treatment that improves the lives of patients with a wide range of neurological and psychiatric diseases. It has been established as a first-line tool in the treatment of these conditions for the past two decades. Closed-loop deep-brain stimulation (CLDBS) advances this tool further by automatically adjusting the stimulation parameters in real time based on the brain’s response. In this context, this paper presents a low-noise amplifier (LNA) and a neurostimulator circuit fabricated using the low-power/low-voltage 65 nm CMOS process from TSMC. The circuits are specifically designed for implantable applications. To achieve the best tradeoff between input-referred noise and power consumption, metaheuristic algorithms were employed to determine and optimize the dimensions of the LNA devices during the design phase. Measurement results showed that the LNA had a gain of 41.2 dB; a 3 dB bandwidth spanning over three decades, from 1.5 Hz to 11.5 kHz; a power consumption of 5.9 µW; and an input-referred noise of 3.45 µVRMS, from 200 Hz to 11.5 kHz. The neurostimulator circuit is a programmable Howland current pump. Measurements have shown its capability to generate currents with arbitrary shapes and ranging from −325 µA to +318 µA. Simulations indicated a quiescent power consumption of 0.13 µW, with zero neurostimulation current. Both the LNA and the neurostimulator circuits are supplied with a 1.2 V voltage and occupy a microdevice area of 145 µm × 311 µm and 88 µm × 89 µm, respectively, making them suitable for implantation in applications involving closed-loop deep-brain stimulation.

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Section: Low-noise Amplifier (Lna)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microdevice in a Submicron CMOS for Closed-Loop Deep-Brain Stimulation (CLDBS)

Nordi,

Gounella,

Amorim

et al. 2024

JLPEA

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“…The amplifier proposed in this work is inspired from [14]. The amplifier implemented in this paper is modified to get a LNA that can process low amplitude and low frequency signals with improved gain and bandwidth as well as give low noise as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Existing T. Nordi et al presented a LNA[14] (part of a micro-device) that takes biomarkers from the tip of an electrode to supply it to ADC for further processing. The LNA design is fabricated on 180nm technology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel low noise amplifier approach for deep brain stimulation

Sampath Kumar,

Upreti

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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This paper presents an analysis for a multi-stage Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) for application on deep brain stimulation. A low noise amplifier (LNA) with high gain, moderate bandwidth and reduced noise is designed and simulated using LT Spice and PTM BSIM4 CMOS models. The novel LNA circuit topology is proposed which uses a cascaded style to improve mid-band gain of an LNA. The proposed LNA achieves a gain margin which ranges between 60-67 (dB), 2X times; Phase Margin which ranges between 145 to 154 (deg), 3X times; Gain which ranges between 66 to 75 (dB), 2X times and bandwidth from kHz to MHz range. The current biasing circuit is used for enhancing stability and gain range. Also, optimal noise figure is achieved with the help of cascading input matching along with source degeneration technique.

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“…The test results show that the gain is 38.6 dB, the bandwidth is −3 dB, the frequency is 2.3 kHz, and the power consumption is 2.8 µW. It is expected to be applied in deep brain stimulation in the future [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design of Array Coils for Multi-Target Adjustable Electromagnetic Brain Stimulation System

Wang

Yang

et al. 2023

Bioengineering

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Temporal interference magnetic stimulation is a novel noninvasive deep brain neuromodulation technology that can solve the problem of balance between focus area and stimulation depth. However, at present, the stimulation target of this technology is relatively single, and it is difficult to realize the coordinated stimulation of multiple brain regions, which limits its application in the modulation of multiple nodes in the brain network. This paper first proposes a multi-target temporal interference magnetic stimulation system with array coils. The array coils are composed of seven coil units with an outer radius of 25 mm, and the spacing between coil units is 2 mm. Secondly, models of human tissue fluid and the human brain sphere are established. Finally, the relationship between the movement of the focus area and the amplitude ratio of the difference frequency excitation sources under time interference is discussed. The results show that in the case of a ratio of 1:5, the peak position of the amplitude modulation intensity of the induced electric field has moved 45 mm; that is, the movement of the focus area is related to the amplitude ratio of the difference frequency excitation sources. The conclusion is that multi-target temporal interference magnetic stimulation with array coils can simultaneously stimulate multiple network nodes in the brain region; rough positioning can be performed by controlling the conduction of different coils, fine-tuning the position by changing the current ratio of the conduction coils, and realizing accurate stimulation of multiple targets in the brain area.

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Low-Noise Amplifier for Deep-Brain Stimulation (DBS)

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

A Microdevice in a Submicron CMOS for Closed-Loop Deep-Brain Stimulation (CLDBS)

A Microdevice in a Submicron CMOS for Closed-Loop Deep-Brain Stimulation (CLDBS)

Novel low noise amplifier approach for deep brain stimulation

Optimal Design of Array Coils for Multi-Target Adjustable Electromagnetic Brain Stimulation System

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