Low molecular weight polyacrylic acid with nitrilodi(methylene-phosphonic acid) chain ends for scale inhibition

Akar, Ahmet; Köken, Nesrin

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-9505(19991201)273:1<12::aid-apmc12>3.0.co;2-w

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The signal at 3.60 ppm was related to the CH proton (6) in the lactonic ring of PAA. The degree of polymerization of PAA was determined by the area ratio of the peaks at 2.20 and 3.60 ppm 23. On the basis of the 1 HNMR spectrum of PAA, the number‐average molecular weight of PAA was calculated to be 3200.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of a poly(acrylic acid)‐graft‐methoxy poly(ethylene oxide) comblike copolymer

Luo

Ran

et al. 2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A methoxy poly(ethylene oxide) (MPEO) grafted poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) comblike copolymer was synthesized by the direct condensation of MPEO onto the PAA backbone in the presence of dicyclohexyl dimethylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Its chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and 1 H-NMR spectroscopies. The effects of different catalysts, solvents, reaction temperatures, and reaction times on the grafting degree of the PAA-g-MPEO comblike copolymer were investigated. Compared to p-toluene sulfonic acid, DMAP/DCC as a catalyst markedly increased the grafting degree. The optimum reaction conditions were a tetrahydrofuran/water mixture solvent, a reaction temperature of 508C, and a reaction time of 168 h.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of a poly(acrylic acid)‐graft‐methoxy poly(ethylene oxide) comblike copolymer

Luo

Ran

et al. 2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…These methods have also been used for the preparation of graft copolymers of vinyl monomers such as acrylonitrile, methylmethacrylate, acrylic acid or acrylamide [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In previous studies, water soluble polymers containing amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, dicarboxylic or amino tri(methylene phosphonic acid) end groups were synthesized by using redox initiator systems [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The initiator system, especially using mercaptosuccinic acid was used firstly in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization of acrylamide initiated with Ce(IV)- and KMnO4–mercaptosuccinic acid redox systems in acid-aqueous medium

Özeroğlu

Sezgin²

2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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By using mercaptosuccinic acid-cerium(IV) sulfate and mercaptosuccinic acid-KMnO4 redox systems in acid aqueous medium, the polymerization of acrylamide monomer was performed at room temperatures. Water soluble acrylamide polymers which contain mercaptosuccinic acid end-groups were synthesized. The dependence of polymerization yield and the molecular weight of polymer on the initiator concentration(nMSA = nCe(IV)) at different acid concentrations, polymerization time, temperature, and concentration of sulfuric acid was investigated. The decrease in the initiator concentration resulted in an increase in the molecular weight but a decrease in the yield. The increase of reaction temperature from 20 to 60°C resulted in an increase in the molecular weights and slight decrease of the yield of polymer. Cerium and manganese ions are reduced to Ce(III) and Mn(II) ions respectively in polymerization reaction. The existence of Ce(III) ion bound to polymer was investigated by UV-visible spectrometry and fluorescence measurements. The amount of Mn(II) which is incorporated to the polymer was determined.

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“…Their molecular weights are in the range of 1,000-10,000. The mechanism of anti-scaling effect of PAA and phosphonic acid compounds such as amino tris(methylene phosphonic acid) (AMP) was described earlier (Akar and Öz, 1999;Cooper et al, 1979). Organophosphonate compounds such as amino tri(methylene phosphonic acid) (ATMP), ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid), polyaminopolyether methylenephosphonic acid (PAPEMP) and diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) (DTPMP) (Scheme 1) show threshold scale inhibition performance at lower concentration than PAA (Tang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, low-molecular-weight PAA containing phosphonate such as amino (methylene phosphonic acid) groups were produced for better anti-scaling effect due to synergies of carboxylic acid and amino methylene phosphonic acid groups. The first example was the synthesis of low-molecular-weight PAA containing amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) chain-end that showed better scale inhibition than commercial low-molecularweight PAA (Akar and Öz, 1999). Its production has a number of steps, and the number of amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) group of these PAAs was limited because of being only at the chain-ends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers containing amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) groups for scale inhibition

Köken

2019

PRT

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid]s by two different routes. In the first route, poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid)s were produced by radical copolymerization of a mixture of ally amine and acrylic acid, then converted into poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid]s by the Mannich reaction with a mixture of formaldehyde and phosphonic acid. In the second route, allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) monomer was synthesized and copolymerised with acrylic acid. The aim of this work is to produce low-molecular-weight copolymer with the low amount of nitrogen and phosphorous having better scale inhibiting performance than commercial low-molecular-weight poly(acrylic acid)s. Design/methodology/approach Poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid)s were prepared by radical copolymerisation of a mixture of ally amine and acrylic acid, and the molecular weight of copolymers was regulated by using an effective chain transfer compound and the formed copolymer was reacted with a mixture of formaldehyde and phosphorous acid. Allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) monomer was prepared and then copolymerised with acrylic acid using radical initiators. Findings Poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] produced with both routes, especially low-molecular weight ones have better anti-scaling performance than low-molecular-weight commercial poly(acrylic acid). Research limitations/implications By using an excess of formaldehyde and phosphonic acid, a limited increase in the conversion of amine groups of poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid) to amino methylene phosphonic acid groups was achieved, so unreacted amine groups were always present in the structure of the final copolymers. Practical implications The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] may be used as a better anti-scaling polymer in industry. Social implications The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] is an alternative polymer for scale inhibition in the water boilers. Originality/value The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] copolymers containing both carboxylic acid and amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) are more effective anti-scaling additives than poly(acrylic acid)s in water boilers.

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Low molecular weight polyacrylic acid with nitrilodi(methylene-phosphonic acid) chain ends for scale inhibition

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Synthesis and characterization of a poly(acrylic acid)‐graft‐methoxy poly(ethylene oxide) comblike copolymer

Synthesis and characterization of a poly(acrylic acid)‐graft‐methoxy poly(ethylene oxide) comblike copolymer

Polymerization of acrylamide initiated with Ce(IV)- and KMnO4–mercaptosuccinic acid redox systems in acid-aqueous medium

Polymers containing amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) groups for scale inhibition

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