Low methanol-permeable polyaniline/Nafion composite membrane for direct methanol fuel cells

Wang, C.-H.; Chen, Chia Chun; Hsu, Hsiang‐Chen; Du, He-Yun; Chen, C.-R.; Hwang, Ji Yeong; Chen, L.-C.; Shih, Han C.; Stejskal, Jaroslav; Chen, K.-H.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.125

Cited by 91 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Polymeric hydrogels, hydrocarbonic ion exchangers with a high exchange capacity and also mineral substances like silicon oxides, aluminum oxides and zirconium phosphates [99,[113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120] can be used as such additives. Perspective method of perfluorinated membrane modifying is the polymer (polyaniline, polypyrrol, polythiophene) synthesis in the membrane matrix [120][121][122][123][124][125]. The introduction of electron conducting polymers not only expands the application areas for these membranes but also increases their selectivity and thermal stability [47,[126][127][128] that especially is important for fuel cell operating at high temperature.…”

Section: Structural Characteristics Of Modified Perfluorinated Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of perfluorinated membranes investigated by method of standard contact porosimetry

Kononenko

Fomenko

Volfkovich

2015

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Structural Characteristics Of Modified Perfluorinated Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of perfluorinated membranes investigated by method of standard contact porosimetry

Kononenko

Fomenko

Volfkovich

2015

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

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“…The wet powder is then dissolved in 0.1 M NH 4 OH and again stirred for 24 hours to obtain the free base of B3Q2. The residue was then washed with 0.05 M of NH 4 OH and dried in a desiccator.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Different Redox States of Phenyl-Capped Aniline Tetramers with Iron Oxide Surfaces and Consequences for Corrosion Inhibition

Chowdhury

Mohtasebi

Kostina

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The phenyl capped aniline tetramer (PCAT) is known for its redox properties and is being studied for its ability to inhibit corrosion of iron and steel in addition to being of interest for sensors and molecular electronics. Here we investigate the interactions, orientation and corrosion inhibition ability of all three oxidation states of the free base form of PCAT with iron oxide surfaces. Raman spectroscopy demonstrates interconversion of these molecules to one another due to charge transfer to the surface. Polarized mid-IR spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to elucidate the molecular orientations on the surface. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows the corrosion resistance of fully reduced PCAT coatings on low carbon steel to be higher than that for half-oxidized and fully oxidized PCAT coatings. A weight loss test, laser line measurements and Raman spectroscopy reveal that even though half-oxidized PCAT initially shows a lower corrosion resistance due to transformation into the fully oxidized form, with time it transforms back into the half-oxidized form and protects the surface. Fully oxidized PCAT molecules show opposite behavior, causing the degradation of the surface over time. We thus attained a deeper insight into the interplay of the different oxidation states for corrosion control. Polyaniline (PANI) is a prominent member of the conducting polymer family because of its diverse application in biosensors, 1 electrochromic devices, 2 fuel cells, 3,4 etc. One of the most studied applications of this polymer is corrosion inhibition of metals. DeBerry showed in 1985 that PANI can inhibit corrosion of iron and steel by passivating the surface in acidic media. [5][6][7] Similarly to the native oxides, the passive oxides on iron or steel maintain a layered structure of a fully oxidized outer layer, followed by an intermediate mixed iron (II) and iron (III) oxide layer transitioning to a very thin inner iron (II) oxide layer next to the bulk metal. PANI is mainly found in three different stable oxidation states (fully reduced or leucoemeraldine, half-oxidized or emeraldine, and fully oxidized or pernigraniline) and several protonation states. The complete mechanism behind the corrosion inhibition ability of this polymer is still unclear due to its complex chemistry. PANI coatings can break down catastrophically, which is the reason why their commercialization has failed. Recent work demonstrated that this breakdown happens due to a high conductivity and long-range electronic interactions.8 Even though historically it had been assumed that conductivity is essential to the inhibition mechanism, recent work has shown that conductivity of pure PANI coatings and PANI containing coatings can be interrupted by sparse addition of small PANI particles without hurting corrosion inhibition efficiency.9-11 Oligoanilines do not share certain drawbacks intrinsic to PANI coatings (e.g. catastrophic failure, poor solubility). Very little work has been done on oligoanilines, which have related physical a...

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“…The acid-base Nafion composite membranes include blends of Nafion with polypyrrole (PPy) [98][99][100][101][102][103][104], polybenzimidazole (PBI) [105][106][107], poly (propyleneoxide) (PPO) [108,109], polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) [110], poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [111][112][113][114][115], sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde (sPF) [116], polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) [117][118][119][120][121][122], poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) [123], poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) [124] polyaniline (PANI) [125][126][127][128], polyethylene (PE) [129], poly(ethylene-terephtalate) [130], sulfated β-cyclodextrin (sCD) [131], sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) [132][133][134][135], sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone) (sPAEK) [136], poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) [137], poly(vinylimidazole) (PVI) [138], poly(vinyl pyridine) (PVPy) [139], poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) [140][141]<...>…”

Section: Polymer/nafion Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…β r =1 Fig. 6.23 Selectivity plot for Nafion/organic compounds: PPy ( ) [102,103]; PBI ( ) [106,107]; PPO ( ) [108,109], PFA ( ) [110]; PVA ( ) [112][113][114]; PF ( ) [116]; PVdF ( ) [117][118][119][120]; PPV ( ) [123];PVP ( ) [124]; PANI ( ) [126][127][128]; PE ( ) [129]; β-CD ( ) [131]; sPEEK ( ) [133,134]; sPAEK ( ) [136]; sPAES ( ) [137]; PVI ( ) [138]; PVPy ( ) [139]; PTFE ( ) [142]; PFEP ( ) [143]; sPOSS ( ) [144]; PEDT ( ) [145,146]; PR ( ) [147]; PSSA ( ) [150]; SEBS ( ) [151]; AMPS ( ) [152]. Closed symbols correspond to layered composites Nafion membranes treated with supercritical CO 2 become more crystalline and a moderate increase in methanol selectivity is observed [166], although DMFC performance improved significantly [165].…”

Section: Methanol Selectivity Of Nafion Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Corti

2013

Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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This chapter is devoted to summarize and discuss the main properties of ionomeric membranes used in direct alcohol PEM fuel cells. Although Nafion is the proton exchange membrane commonly used in methanol and other direct alcohol fuel cells, other proton and alkaline membranes are being investigated in order to improve the efficiency of DAFC. The goals in the development of this critical component of DAFC are: low cost, long durability, low alcohol permeability and high electrical conductivity. The last two properties can be combined in a single parameter, the membrane selectivity that accounts for the ratio between the proton and alcohol transport through the membrane. This parameter can be compared to that measured for Nafion to define a relative selectivity, which is a primary parameter to evaluate the potentiality of a ionomer material to be used in alcohol feed fuel cells.The vast catalogue of polymeric materials reviewed here included Nafion composite with inorganic and organic fillers, and non-fluorinated proton conducting membranes such as sulfonated polyimides, poly(arylene ether)s, polysulfones, poly (vinyl alcohol), polystyrenes, and acid-doped polybenzimidazoles. Anionexchange membranes are also discussed because of the facile electro-oxidation of alcohols in alkaline media and because of the minimization of alcohol crossover in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells.The performance of different types of membranes in direct alcohol fuel cells, mainly methanol, are summarized and discussed in order to identify the most promissory ones. The lack of correlation between the relative selectivity and fuel cell performance of the membranes indicates that the architecture of the three

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Low methanol-permeable polyaniline/Nafion composite membrane for direct methanol fuel cells

Cited by 91 publications

References 36 publications

Structure of perfluorinated membranes investigated by method of standard contact porosimetry

Structure of perfluorinated membranes investigated by method of standard contact porosimetry

Interactions of Different Redox States of Phenyl-Capped Aniline Tetramers with Iron Oxide Surfaces and Consequences for Corrosion Inhibition

Membranes for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

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