Low-Lying Electronic States and Photophysical Properties of Organometallic Pd(II) and Pt(II) Compounds. Modern Research Trends Presented in Detailed Case Studies

Yersin, Hartmut; Donges, Dirk

doi:10.1007/3-540-44474-2_3

Cited by 153 publications

(124 citation statements)

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“…[12][13][14] This mixing is responsible not only for the amount of ZFS, but also for the variation of many other photophysical properties. [15,16] In particular, SOC provides a softening of the spin-forbiddenness of the transitions between the T 1 substates and the singlet ground state S 0 . Thus, a desired reduction of the radiative emission decay time is induced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12] Therefore, it is of great interest to determine this important parameter for the complexes described in this work. Besides the direct determination of the ZFS parameters from highly resolved emission and excitation spectra, [12,16,17] it is possible to obtain these values from the temperature dependence of the emission decay time. Under the assumption of fast thermalization, the occupation dynamics of the excited states (triplet substates) involved in the emission process are governed by Equation (1), [12,[19][20][21] in which n i denotes the Boltzmann occupation number of state i, k i is the total rate constant for depopulation of state i. N is the total number of occupied excited states and k therm = 1/t therm is the rate constant for depopulation of the equilibrated system of excited states, that is, the inverse of the measured decay time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of ZFS can be utilized to classify the degree of MLCT perturbation and SOC efficiency in the emitting triplet state. An empirical ordering scheme developed by Yersin et al [15][16][17][18] for organo-transition-metal triplet emitters provides a useful scale for an assessment of the MLCT perturbation in the T 1 state. Furthermore, the ZFS parameters also give an indication concerning the suitability of a compound for application as an emitter in OLEDs, since all efficient triplet emitters hitherto studied exhibit DEA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (ZFS) values of theT 1 state larger than about 10 cm À1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photophysical Properties and OLED Applications of Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Schiff Base Complexes

Che

Kwok

Lai

et al. 2009

Chemistry A European J

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273

197

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The syntheses, crystal structures, and detailed investigations of the photophysical properties of phosphorescent platinum(II) Schiff base complexes are presented. All of these complexes exhibit intense absorption bands with lambda(max) in the range 417-546 nm, which are assigned to states of metal-to-ligand charge-transfer ((1)MLCT) (1)[Pt(5d)-->pi*(Schiff base)] character mixed with (1)[lone pair(phenoxide)-->pi*(imine)] charge-transfer character. The platinum(II) Schiff base complexes are thermally stable, with decomposition temperatures up to 495 degrees C, and show emission lambda(max) at 541-649 nm in acetonitrile, with emission quantum yields up to 0.27. Measurements of the emission decay times in the temperature range from 130 to 1.5 K give total zero-field splitting parameters of the emitting triplet state of 14-28 cm(-1). High-performance yellow to red organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) using these platinum(II) Schiff base complexes have been fabricated with the best efficiency up to 31 cd A(-1) and a device lifetime up to 77 000 h at 500 cd m(-2).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photophysical Properties and OLED Applications of Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Schiff Base Complexes

Che

Kwok

Lai

et al. 2009

Chemistry A European J

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273

197

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“…OLEDs are heterojunction devices in which layers of organic transport materials are usually incorporated into devices as amorphous thin solid films [8]. Organometallic complexes are suitable candidates for OLEDs [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] due to their stability, emission-color purity, and availability both as singlet [19] and triple emitters [20] and their ease of deposition by means of thermal vacuum evaporation. Following the initial report of utilization of mer-Alq3 as electron transport material and emitting layer in OLED [21,22], the derivatives of metal quinolates has become the focus of new electroluminescent materials research with mer-Alq3 being the most often used [8,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This indicates that the substituent attached to the quinolinolate ligand plays an important role in tuning the emission of the Al-complex.In general electron donating groups attached to pyridine ring cause a blue shift in the emission while the introduction to phenoxide ring cause a red shift [43][44][45][46][47][48]. The electron withdrawing groups such as chloro [39] and cyano [16] show almost negligible emission shifts, while the strong electron withdrawing group such as sulfonamide results in blue shifted emission [50] and the substitution of fluorine at different positions in mer-Alq3 ligand show variable emission [51]. The mer-AlND3 and its methyl derivatives are reported to be the blue version analogues of mer-Alq3 and can be used as electron transporting layer as well as emitting layer in the OLEDs [52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Push-pull effect on the geometrical, optical and charge transfer properties of disubstituted derivatives of mer-tris(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridinato) aluminum (mer-AlND3)

Rao

Bhanuprakash

2016

Open Chemistry

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Push-pull effect on the geometrical, optical and charge transfer properties of disubstituted derivatives of mer-tris(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridinato) aluminum (mer-AlND3) DOI: 10.1515/chem-2016-0001 received April 23, 2015 accepted November 14, 2015. Abstract: To design innovative and novel optical materials with high mobility, two kinds of disubstituted derivatives for mer-tris(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridinato) aluminum (mer-AlND3) with push (EDG)-pull (EWG) substituents have been designed. The structures of mer-tris(8-EDG-2-EWG-4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridinato) aluminum (type I) and mer-tris(8-EWG-2-EDG-4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridinato) aluminum (type II) in the ground and first excited states have been optimized at the B3LYP/6-31G(D) and CIS/6-31G(D) level of theory, respectively. It can be seen from frontier molecular orbitals analysis, in all these complexes, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) is localized on the pyridine-4-ol ring of A-ligand while lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is on the pyridyl ring of B-ligand in ground state irrespective of electron donor/acceptor substitution present on the ligands similar to that of mer-tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (mer-Alq3) and parent mer-AlND3.The absorption and emission wavelengths have been evaluated at the TD-PBE0/6-31G(D) level and it can be see that all the type I derivatives show blue shift while most of the type II derivatives show red shift compared to mer-AlND3. All the disubstituted complexes have showed hypsochromic shifts in both the absorption and emission spectra when compared with the calculated absorption and emission spectra respectively of mer-Alq3. It can be seen that the reorganization energies of some of the disubstituted derivatives are comparable with merAlq3 and these derivatives might be good candidates for emitting materials in OLED.

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Luminescence Behavior & Photochemistry of Organotransition Metal Compounds

Yam

2005

Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry

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In this article, the luminescence and photochemical properties of a selection of organotransition metal compounds are reviewed and discussed. The examples are classified according to the identity of the carbon‐containing ligands, which include the carbonyl, isocyanide, cyanide, alkynyl, alkenyl, arene, aryl, alkylidene, alkylidyne, cyclometalating, and alkyl ligands. The luminescence and photochemistry of selected tungsten, molybdenum, and rhenium carbonyl compounds are described in this article, followed by some examples with the analogous isocyanide and cyanide ligands. The luminescence properties and potential applications of these systems are discussed. Transition metal complexes containing alkynyl ligands display a very wide structural diversity and catalytic properties, and many systems also show intriguing photoluminescence properties, especially those of rhenium(I), platinum(II), palladium(II), and the coinage metals. Studies focused on the photophysical studies and the excited‐state chemistry of selected alkynyl systems and related alkenyl, arene, and aryl complexes are outlined and discussed. Luminescent metal–carbon multiple bonded systems including the alkylidene and alkylidyne compounds have received relatively little attention, and examples have been confined to the complexes of molybdenum and tungsten. However, much effort has recently been devoted to exploring the interesting emission properties of alkylidene and alkylidyne systems with other metal centers such as rhenium, ruthenium, osmium, platinum, and coinage metals, which are outlined in this article. Some recent examples in the areas of cyclometalated complexes, especially those of rhodium(III), iridium(III), platinum(II), and gold(III) centers are highlighted in this article as many examples display impressive photophysical and photochemical behavior. Metal alkyl systems represent a special class of luminescent organometallic system due to their strong σ‐donating properties of the alkyl ligands, and the photophysical and excited‐state properties of some selected examples are described. Finally, luminescent organotransition metal compounds with application potentials in the development of new materials, photodevices, and sensory systems are summarized in various parts of this article.

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Low-Lying Electronic States and Photophysical Properties of Organometallic Pd(II) and Pt(II) Compounds. Modern Research Trends Presented in Detailed Case Studies

Cited by 153 publications

References 145 publications

Photophysical Properties and OLED Applications of Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Schiff Base Complexes

Photophysical Properties and OLED Applications of Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Schiff Base Complexes

Push-pull effect on the geometrical, optical and charge transfer properties of disubstituted derivatives of mer-tris(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridinato) aluminum (mer-AlND3)

Luminescence Behavior & Photochemistry of Organotransition Metal Compounds

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