Abstract:In a longitudinal study with 338 volunteers, audiometric thresholds and otoacoustic emissions were measured before and after 6 months of noise exposure on an aircraft carrier. While the average amplitudes of the otoacoustic emissions decreased significantly, the average audiometric thresholds did not change. Furthermore, there were no significant correlations between changes in audiometric thresholds and changes in otoacoustic emissions. Changes in transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions and distortion-product … Show more
“…Several studies have reported a significant correlation between a reduction in TEOAE amplitude and the presence of NIHL (Hall & Lutman, 1999;Jansen et al, 2009). Furthermore, Lapsley-Miller, Marshall, Heller, and Hughes (2006) found decreased group average OAE amplitudes after several months of noise exposure, whereas the average audiometric thresholds did not show any change. In the current study, it was hypothesized that if the apparent notches were a result of TTS, then possible changes in TEOAE amplitude might accompany the notch, as suggested by Helleman, Jansen, and Dreschler (2010).…”
Section: Examination Of Notched Audiograms and Teoaesmentioning
Purpose: To examine the risk for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in university marching band members and to provide an overview of a hearing conservation program for a marching band. Method: Sound levels during band rehearsals were recorded and audiometric hearing thresholds and transient otoacoustic emission were measured over a 3-year period. Musician's earplugs and information about hearing loss were provided to the students. The hearing thresholds of other college students were tested as a partial control. Results: There were no significant differences in hearing thresholds between the two groups. During initial testing, more marching band members showed apparent highfrequency notches than control students. Follow-up hearing tests in a subsequent year for the marching band members showed that almost all notches disappeared. Persistent standard threshold shift (STS) across tests was not observed in the band members. Conclusion: Band members showed no evidence of STS or persistent notched audiograms. Because accepted procedures for measuring hearing showed a lack of precision in reliably detecting early NIHL in marching band members, it is recommended that signs of NIHL be sought in repeated measurements compared to baseline audiograms rather than in a single measure (a single notch). A hearing conservation program for this population is still recommended because of lengthy rehearsal times with high sound-level exposure during rehearsals.
“…Several studies have reported a significant correlation between a reduction in TEOAE amplitude and the presence of NIHL (Hall & Lutman, 1999;Jansen et al, 2009). Furthermore, Lapsley-Miller, Marshall, Heller, and Hughes (2006) found decreased group average OAE amplitudes after several months of noise exposure, whereas the average audiometric thresholds did not show any change. In the current study, it was hypothesized that if the apparent notches were a result of TTS, then possible changes in TEOAE amplitude might accompany the notch, as suggested by Helleman, Jansen, and Dreschler (2010).…”
Section: Examination Of Notched Audiograms and Teoaesmentioning
Purpose: To examine the risk for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in university marching band members and to provide an overview of a hearing conservation program for a marching band. Method: Sound levels during band rehearsals were recorded and audiometric hearing thresholds and transient otoacoustic emission were measured over a 3-year period. Musician's earplugs and information about hearing loss were provided to the students. The hearing thresholds of other college students were tested as a partial control. Results: There were no significant differences in hearing thresholds between the two groups. During initial testing, more marching band members showed apparent highfrequency notches than control students. Follow-up hearing tests in a subsequent year for the marching band members showed that almost all notches disappeared. Persistent standard threshold shift (STS) across tests was not observed in the band members. Conclusion: Band members showed no evidence of STS or persistent notched audiograms. Because accepted procedures for measuring hearing showed a lack of precision in reliably detecting early NIHL in marching band members, it is recommended that signs of NIHL be sought in repeated measurements compared to baseline audiograms rather than in a single measure (a single notch). A hearing conservation program for this population is still recommended because of lengthy rehearsal times with high sound-level exposure during rehearsals.
“…The present study evoked the DPOAE at two intensity levels to investigate the amplitude differences at 45/55 dB SPL (moderate level) and 55/65 dB SPL (high level). Research has shown that OAE testing may be a possible predictor of future NIHL and OAEs may decrease in amplitude prior to changes in audiometric thresholds [21,22]. Due to the possibility that changes in OAEs may be early indicators of hearing loss, 43 of the 115 participants completed OAE testing in addition to the other audiologic testing.…”
This study examined the relationship between hearing levels, otoacoustic emission levels and listening habits related to the use of personal listening devices (PLDs) in adults with varying health-related fitness. Duration of PLD use was estimated and volume level was directly measured. Biomarkers of health-related fitness were co-factored into the analyses. 115 subjects ages 18–84 participated in this study. Subjects were divided into two sub-groups; PLD users and non-PLD users. Both groups completed audiological and health-related fitness tests. Due to the mismatch in the mean age of the PLD user versus the non-PLD user groups, age-adjusted statistics were performed to determine factors that contributed to hearing levels. Age was the most significant predictor of hearing levels across listening and health-related fitness variables. PLD user status did not impact hearing measures, yet PLD users who listened less than 8 hours per week with intensities of less than 80 dBA were found to have better hearing. Other variables found to be associated with hearing levels included: years listening to PLD, number of noise environments and use of ear protection. Finally, a healthy waist-to-hip ratio was a significant predictor of better hearing, while body mass index approached, but did not reach statistical significance.
“…Animal work indicates that MOC tests at low sound levels can be predictive of MOC anti-trauma strength (Maison and Liberman, 2000) but this does not rule out low-to-high-level differences. Prospective tests in humans are needed to show how well MOC tests predict susceptibility to acoustic trauma, e.g., MOC tests applied at the start of a person’s work in a loud-sound environment (e.g., Lapsley Miller et al, 2006). …”
Section: Tests To Predict Susceptibility To Acoustic Trauma and Auditmentioning
As studies of the olivocochlear (OC) efferent system have matured, issues have been identified that need to be taken into account in the design of new studies and in the interpretation of existing work. The need for high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), multiple alternations of conditions, and avoiding middle-ear-muscle activation have been previously highlighted. Less well-known issues include: Contralateral medial OC (MOC) effects may not be good proxies for ipsilateral (ipsi) MOC effects; MOC-induced changes in otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) may not accurately show MOC-induced changes in auditory-nerve (AN) responses; measuring OAE differences from before to after psychophysical trials yields the transient OAE change but not tonic MOC activation; tonic MOC activation may be measurable by several techniques including by OAE differences in trials in which the subject’s judgment was correct vs. trials that were incorrect; SNRs can be preserved by Bootstrap statistical tests; differences in task difficulty may outweigh differences in subject attention; lateral efferent effects are little understood and may be tied to MOC effects; to assess whether MOC strength predicts protection from acoustic trauma, prospective tests in humans are needed.
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