Low Insulin Sensitivity Measured by Both Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index and Homeostasis Model Assessment Method as a Risk Factor of Increased Intima-Media Thickness of the Carotid Artery

Rajala, Ulla; Laakso, Mauri; Pãivänsalo, M.; Pelkonen, Outi; Suramo, I; Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka

doi:10.1210/jc.2002-020703

Cited by 70 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[17][18][19] Severe intima-media thickening (maximal IMT of the common carotid artery X1.2 mm) was independently associated with low insulin sensitivity measured by QUICKI. Subjects in the two lowest QUICKI tertiles had a five-fold risk for severe intima-media thickening compared to those with the highest QUICKI tertile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Subjects in the two lowest QUICKI tertiles had a five-fold risk for severe intima-media thickening compared to those with the highest QUICKI tertile. 17 In addition, maximal IMT increased from the lowest to the highest quartile of SBP, and the subjects within the highest quartile of SBP (X170 mmHg) had a threefold risk for severe intima-media thickening compared to those with lower SBP. 18 In addition, severe intimamedia thickening was associated with male gender and long-lasting smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In 1994 and 1996-1998, two follow-up studies were carried out. 17,21,22 OGTTs were performed at these follow-up visits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, we reported the results on the intima-media thickening of carotid arteries. [17][18][19] Low insulin sensitivity measured by QUICKI, high (X170 mmHg) SBP, long-lasting smoking and male gender were independently associated with severe intima-media thickening. In the present paper, we evaluate the occurrence of atheromatous plaques in the carotid arteries, aorta and femoral arteries, focusing on BP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Blood pressure and atherosclerotic plaques in carotid, aortic and femoral arteries in elderly Finns with diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance

et al. 2004

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of atheromatous plaques in carotid, aortic and femoral arteries, focusing on blood pressure (BP). The study subjects consisted of 65-year-old Finns drawn from a population-based cohort. Ultrasonographic measurements were performed on 54 diabetic subjects, 97 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 57 normoglycaemic subjects (NGT). High systolic BP (SBP) was defined as X160 mmHg and high diastolic BP as X95 mmHg. High pulse pressure (PP) was defined as the highest tertile (X75 mmHg) of PP and high mean BP (MBP) as the highest tertile (X111 mmHg) of MBP. The prevalence of atheromatous plaques was 77% (160/208) in carotid arteries, 94% (195/208) in aorta and 77% (161/ 208) in femoral arteries. A total of 64% (134/208) of the subjects had plaques in both carotid and femoral arteries, and they were compared with those who had plaques in 0-1 of these arteries. In addition to male gender and long-lasting smoking, the occurrence of plaques in both carotid and femoral arteries were associated with high SBP and high MBP. According to the results of multiple regression analyses, the adjusted odds ratio for plaques in both carotid and femoral arteries was 3.1 (95% CI 1.5-6.5) in subjects with high SBP compared to those with lower SBP. When SBP was replaced by high MBP, the adjusted odds ratio for it was 2.3 (95% CI 1.1-4.8).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In 1994 and 1996-1998, two follow-up studies were carried out. 17,21,22 OGTTs were performed at these follow-up visits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Blood pressure and atherosclerotic plaques in carotid, aortic and femoral arteries in elderly Finns with diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance

et al. 2004

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“…Secondly, QUICKI has been shown to be a reliable instrument in screening insulin sensitivity. 10 Thirdly, HSCL-25 has proven to be an acceptable screening scale for obtaining information on symptoms of depression in the normal population. 15 In conclusion, we found a significant association between IR and concomitant severe depressive symptoms in young men without earlier diagnosed diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms and insulin resistance in young adult males: results from the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort

et al. 2006

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The association between insulin resistance (IR) and depression is a subject of growing research interest, especially as previous population-based studies have presented conflicting findings. The present study extends our understanding about the putative impact of the severity of depressive symptoms on this association and it provides further epidemiological evidence in support of earlier findings, suggesting that the association between IR and depression is present already in young adult males. To determine the impact of the severity of depressive symptoms on the putative association between IR and depression in young adult males, we were given access to the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort database. During the 31-year follow-up survey of this genetically homogeneous birth cohort, IR was assessed by 'Qualitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index' (QUICKI), and severity of depressive symptoms by 'Hopkins' Symptom Checklist-25' (HSCL-25). This study involved 2609 male cohort members with complete variable information. In men, the means of the QUICKI-values decreased (i.e., IR increased) in line with the increased severity of depressive symptoms as assessed by HSCL-25 subgroups (analysis of covariance P-value for trend, P = 0.003). In multivariate generalized logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for confounders, IR was positively associated with current severe depressive symptoms, the odds ratio (OR) being over threefold (adjusted OR 3.15, 95% confidence interval 1.48-6.68) and the value of OR increased in parallel with a tighter definition of IR (P-value for trend = 0.007). The results indicate that in young males, a positive association exists specifically with severe depressive symptoms. Molecular Psychiatry (2006) 11, 929-933.

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Measuring Insulin ActionIn Vivo

Bergman

Hücking

Watanabe

2004

International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus

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The goal to accurately measure insulin sensitivity (i.e., “insulin resistance”) in patients remains an important goal. Insulin resistance is a risk factor for a plethora of chronic diseases (diabetes cardiovascular disease, hypertension, colon cancer). To study these diseases and to intervene early in their pathogenesis requires that we quantify risk factors and insulin resistance is one important candidate. To accurately measure sensitivity it is important to use a method that observes in some fashion the metabolic effect of insulin given intravenously . Thus, the glucose clamp and the minimal model are accurate and reproducible methods. One must remain vigilant regarding limitations of these methods. However, they may be applied with confidence under a wide variety of conditions. Unfortunately it is not possible to recommend simpler (i.e. surrogate) methods that can be applied with confidence. While it might be appropriate to use fasting insulin to reflect insulin resistance in patients without any degree of β‐cell failure, it is usually not possible to determine a priori whether any such defect exists. Thus, one can report fasting insulin simply as a qualitative reflection of insulin resistance. Indices, which also include glucose, appear to add little to the fasting insulin itself. If β‐cell failure progresses, the interpretation of fasting insulin per se becomes impossible. Finally, as of this writing it is not possible to recommend insulin sensitivity measures calculated from the oral glucose tolerance test due to confounds related to differences in gastric emptying, β‐cell function, and glucose effectiveness. Clearly, studies to identify and validate simpler methods to assess insulin action accurately in the intact subject should be continued.

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Low Insulin Sensitivity Measured by Both Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index and Homeostasis Model Assessment Method as a Risk Factor of Increased Intima-Media Thickness of the Carotid Artery

Cited by 70 publications

References 32 publications

Blood pressure and atherosclerotic plaques in carotid, aortic and femoral arteries in elderly Finns with diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance

Blood pressure and atherosclerotic plaques in carotid, aortic and femoral arteries in elderly Finns with diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance

Depressive symptoms and insulin resistance in young adult males: results from the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort

Measuring Insulin ActionIn Vivo

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