Low-Input Crops as Lignocellulosic Feedstock for Second-Generation Biorefineries and the Potential of Chemometrics in Biomass Quality Control

Alzagameem, Abla; Bergs, Michel; Tung, Xuan; Klein, Stephanie Elisabeth; Rumpf, Jessica; Larkins, Michael; Monakhova, Yulia B.; Pude, Ralf; Schulze, Margit

doi:10.3390/app9112252

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Currently, these lignin-derived composites are studied regarding their applications as scaffold component for mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and bone regeneration [55]. To do so, lignin as feedstock component has to be specified including protocols for quality control using novel chemometric data analysis methods [56,57].…”

Section: E Coli and S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

et al. 2019

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Due to global ecological and economic challenges that have been correlated to the transition from fossil-based to renewable resources, fundamental studies are being performed worldwide to replace fossil fuel raw materials in plastic production. One aspect of current research is the development of lignin-derived polyols to substitute expensive fossil-based polyol components for polyurethane and polyester production. This article describes the synthesis of bioactive lignin-based polyurethane coatings using unmodified and demethylated Kraft lignins. Demethylation was performed to enhance the reaction selectivity toward polyurethane formation. The antimicrobial activity was tested according to a slightly modified standard test (JIS Z 2801(JIS Z :2010. Besides effects caused by the lignins themselves, triphenylmethane derivatives (brilliant green and crystal violet) were used as additional antimicrobial substances. Results showed increased antimicrobial capacity against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the coating color could be varied from dark brown to green and blue, respectively.Coatings 2019, 9, 494 2 of 16 and DNA in cells of mice against oxidation damage [19] have been tested. Gao [20] and Bshena [21] studied the antimicrobial activity of various textiles, using lignin incorporated into polyethylene films and applied in the finishing processes. For textiles, there are special requirements such as non-toxicity to the consumer, namely cytotoxicity, allergy or irritation and sensitization. In other recent studies, lignosulfonic acid is reported to exhibit broad-spectrum anti-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and anti-HSV (herpes simplex virus) properties [22,23]. Thus, Qiu investigated the anti-HIV-1 activity-potential of lignosulfonates as a microbicide to prevent HIV-1 sexual transmission [23]. Another recently reported study revealed that the antimicrobial capacity of lignin correlates with the phenolic components, specifically the side chain structure and the nature of further functional groups [24]. Typically, the presence of a double bond in α, β positions of the side chain and a methyl group in the γ position grants the phenolic fragments with the most potency against microorganisms. However, none of the hitherto published studies included the investigation of the antibacterial activity of lignin when included in polymeric matrices.Unmodified lignin is widely studied as a component for polymer production with a focus on phenol-formaldehyde resins and polyurethanes (PUs) [25], where lignin is used as polyol substitute due to the high amount of hydroxyl groups resulting in high crosslinking densities and variable mechanical properties [26][27][28]. In previous studies, lignin-derived polyurethane coatings have been prepared using Kraft lignin isolated at room temperature from aqueous media (black liquor) at different pH values [29]. In addition, their antioxidative activity has been investigated using the Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay [30]. Although lignin contains many functionalities, they are often diff...

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Section: E Coli and S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

et al. 2019

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Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interest in the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their paracrine secretions has been noted in the recent years [154]. Moreover, the differentiation capacity of stem cells isolated from different sources provides a large range of opportunities for regenerative applications [154]. However, since many issues with cellular and acellular components of composite bone grafts remain unresolved, the search for the best cellular sources, combinations of osteoinductive molecules and scaffolds will continue in the upcoming years.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The desire is to produce highly advanced functional scaffolds by using renewable resources (terrestrial and marine biomass) with a combination of green chemistry aspects in material synthesis with highly advanced functionality of the target scaffolds [160]. Here, the challenge is quality control and assurance of the biomasses used for material development [154]. Additionally, future approaches should focus not only on what is technically possible, but even more on what is required and desired in order to develop a sustainable and functional scaffold.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration

et al. 2019

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Bone tissue engineering is an ever-changing, rapidly evolving, and highly interdisciplinary field of study, where scientists try to mimic natural bone structure as closely as possible in order to facilitate bone healing. New insights from cell biology, specifically from mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and signaling, lead to new approaches in bone regeneration. Novel scaffold and drug release materials based on polysaccharides gain increasing attention due to their wide availability and good biocompatibility to be used as hydrogels and/or hybrid components for drug release and tissue engineering. This article reviews the current state of the art, recent developments, and future perspectives in polysaccharide-based systems used for bone regeneration.

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“…A wide range of miscanthus genotypes have been screened for different marginality factors such as salinity [6] and erosion [7]. Miscanthus biomass has quality characteristics that allow it to be used to manifold ways: as a combustion fuel, [8][9][10], bioethanol [11][12][13], bedding material [10,14,15], building material [16][17][18][19][20] and in biogas production [21,22]. For example, low inorganic constituents and high lignin content is preferred for combustion [23], whereas low lignin is required for efficient biogas [24] as well as ethanol production [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane Yield Potential of Miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus (Greef et Deuter)) Established under Maize (Zea mays L.)

et al. 2019

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This study reports on the effects of two rhizome-based establishment procedures ‘miscanthus under maize’ (MUM) and ‘reference’ (REF) on the methane yield per hectare (MYH) of miscanthus in a field trial in southwest Germany. The dry matter yield (DMY) of aboveground biomass was determined each year in autumn over four years (2016–2019). A biogas batch experiment and a fiber analysis were conducted using plant samples from 2016–2018. Overall, MUM outperformed REF due to a high MYH of maize in 2016 (7211 m3N CH4 ha−1). The MYH of miscanthus in MUM was significantly lower compared to REF in 2016 and 2017 due to a lower DMY. Earlier maturation of miscanthus in MUM caused higher ash and lignin contents compared with REF. However, the mean substrate-specific methane yield of miscanthus was similar across the treatments (281.2 and 276.2 lN kg−1 volatile solid−1). Non-significant differences in MYH 2018 (1624 and 1957 m3N CH4 ha−1) and in DMY 2019 (15.6 and 21.7 Mg ha−1) between MUM and REF indicate, that MUM recovered from biotic and abiotic stress during 2016. Consequently, MUM could be a promising approach to close the methane yield gap of miscanthus cultivation in the first year of establishment.

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Low-Input Crops as Lignocellulosic Feedstock for Second-Generation Biorefineries and the Potential of Chemometrics in Biomass Quality Control

Cited by 21 publications

References 126 publications

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

Antimicrobial Activity of Lignin-Derived Polyurethane Coatings Prepared from Unmodified and Demethylated Lignins

Polysaccharide-Based Systems for Targeted Stem Cell Differentiation and Bone Regeneration

Methane Yield Potential of Miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus (Greef et Deuter)) Established under Maize (Zea mays L.)

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