Low <i>AMY1</i> Copy Number Is Cross‐Sectionally Associated to an Inflammation‐Related Lipidomics Signature in Overweight and Obese Individuals

Mayneris‐Perxachs, Jordi; Mousa, Aya; Naderpoor, Negar; Fernández-Real, José Manuel

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201901151

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The median of AMY1 gene CN was 7, which is like the one reported recently 15,17 . However, other studies previously reported a median of 4 7,14,27 . We have no explanation for this large difference in median AMY1 gene CN, but the different ethnicities studied, or the techniques used to estimate the CNV might play a role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Several studies have investigated the relationship between AMY1 gene CN and predisposition to metabolic disorders, including obesity, T2D and insulin resistance, in both children and adults. However, contradicting results were reported 7,[12][13][14][15]18,19,[21][22][23][24][25][32][33][34] .The reported discrepancies remain unexplained, and possible reasons include the different techniques used to estimate the AMY1 gene CN 35 as well as the different ethnicities 21,36 www.nature.com/scientificreports/ and age 37 of the populations studied. The distribution of AMY1 gene CN in our study sample (2-20 copies) is comparable to what was reported previously across modern human populations 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference 7,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] . However, other studies reported no association [22][23][24] or a positive association between AMY1 gene CN and BMI 25 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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High plasma salivary α-amylase, but not high AMY1 copy number, associated with low obesity rate in Qatari adults: cross-sectional study

Al-Akl

Thompson

Arredouani

2020

Sci Rep

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The relationship between salivary α-amylase activity (psAAa) or AMY1 copy number and the risk of obesity remains controversial. We aimed to assess this relationship in a cohort from Qatar, where obesity affects 43% of adults. The relationship was investigated cross-sectionally in 923 Qatari adults from the Qatar biobank cohort. AMY1 CN was estimated form whole genome sequencing data. The associations with obesity prevalence were assessed by linear and logistic regressions. We found no difference in AMY1 CN between obese and normal-weight individuals. However, the psAAa was significantly lower in obese individuals. Significant inverse correlations were found between adiposity markers and psAAa in both sexes, but were marginally stronger in men. A significant effect of high psAAa, but not AMY1 CN, on reduced obesity rates was identified in men (OR per psAAa unit 0.957 [95% CI 0.937–0.977], p < 0.001, with psAAa ranging between 5 to 66 U/L). A significantly higher prevalence of obesity was observed in the lowest quartile of psAAa in men (75% (Q1) vs. 36% (Q4), p < 0.001) and women (74% (Q1) vs 56% (Q4), p = 0.009). Our findings suggest that high psAAa, but not AMY1 CN, has a potential positive benefit against obesity in the Qatari population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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High plasma salivary α-amylase, but not high AMY1 copy number, associated with low obesity rate in Qatari adults: cross-sectional study

Al-Akl

Thompson

Arredouani

2020

Sci Rep

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“…After adjusting for age, sex, fat mass, and dietary factors, associations between AMY1A copy numbers and inflammation markers (except MCP‐1) remained significant. In addition, in the same cohort, low AMY1A copy numbers have been associated with a lipidomic signature previously linked to obesity and chronic low‐grade inflammation 51 …”

Section: Amy1a and Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Markers Of Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In addition, in the same cohort, low AMY1A copy numbers have been associated with a lipidomic signature previously linked to obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation. 51 The second study was a cohort study that used 80 Caucasian participants from the previously mentioned ProFiMet population and found that individuals with high AMY1A copy numbers had statistically higher serum adiponectin (p = 0.026) and HDL cholesterol. 23 There were no statistically significant associations between AMY1A copy numbers and any other serum lipid or inflammatory markers measured including IL-10 and CRP, among others.…”

Section: Observational Studies Examining Amy1a and Cardiovascular Risk And Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of AMY1A copy number variations on obesity and other cardiometabolic risk factors: A review of the evidence

2021

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Summary The rising incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes is contributing to the escalating burden of disease globally. These metabolic disorders are closely linked with diet and in particular with carbohydrate consumption; hence, it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms that influence carbohydrate metabolism. Amylase, the enzyme responsible for the digestion of starch, is coded by the genes AMY1A, AMY1B, and AMY1C (salivary amylase) and AMY2A and AMY2B (pancreatic amylase). Previous studies demonstrate wide variations in AMY1A copy numbers, which can be attributed to several genetic, nutritional, and geographical diversities seen in populations globally. Current literature suggests that AMY1A copy number variations are important in obesity and other cardiometabolic disorders through their effects on glucose and lipid homeostasis, inflammatory markers, and the gut microbiome. This review synthesizes the available evidence to improve understanding of the role of AMY1A in obesity and related cardiometabolic risk factors and disorders including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk and inflammation, and the gut microbiome.

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Starch intake, amylase gene copy number variation, plasma proteins, and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality

Borné

Wang

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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Background Salivary amylase, encoded by the AMY1 gene, initiate the digestion of starch. Whether starch intake or AMY1 copy number is related to disease risk is currently rather unknown. The aim was to investigate the association between starch intake and AMY1 copy number and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality and whether there is an interaction. In addition, we aim to identify CVD-related plasma proteins associated with starch intake and AMY1 copy number. Methods This prospective cohort study used data from 21,268 participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Dietary data were collected through a modified diet history method and incident CVD and mortality were ascertained through registers. AMY1 gene copy number was determined by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, a risk score of 10 genetic variants in AMY1 was measured, and a total of 88 selected CVD-related proteins were measured. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to analyze the associations of starch intake and AMY1 copy number with disease risk. Linear regression was used to identify plasma proteins associated with starch intake and AMY1 copy number. Results Over a median of 23 years’ follow-up, 4443 individuals developed CVD event and 8125 died. After adjusting for potential confounders, a U-shape association between starch intake and risk of CVD (P-nonlinearity = 0.001) and all-cause mortality (P-nonlinearity = 0.03) was observed. No significant association was found between AMY1 copy number and risk of CVD and mortality, and there were no interactions between starch intake and AMY1 copy number (P interaction > 0.23). Among the 88 plasma proteins, adrenomedullin, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein, fatty acid-binding protein, leptin, and C-C motif chemokine 20 were associated with starch intake after adjusting for multiple testing. Conclusions In this large prospective study among Swedish adults, a U-shaped association between starch intake and risk of CVD and all-cause mortality was found. Several plasma proteins were identified which might provide information on potential pathways for such association. AMY1 copy number was not associated with CVD risk or any of the plasma proteins, and there was no interaction between starch intake and AMY1 copy number on disease risk.

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Low AMY1 Copy Number Is Cross‐Sectionally Associated to an Inflammation‐Related Lipidomics Signature in Overweight and Obese Individuals

Cited by 6 publications

References 51 publications

High plasma salivary α-amylase, but not high AMY1 copy number, associated with low obesity rate in Qatari adults: cross-sectional study

High plasma salivary α-amylase, but not high AMY1 copy number, associated with low obesity rate in Qatari adults: cross-sectional study

Influence of AMY1A copy number variations on obesity and other cardiometabolic risk factors: A review of the evidence

Starch intake, amylase gene copy number variation, plasma proteins, and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality

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