Low Growth Temperature Effects a Differential Inhibition of Photosynthesis in Spring and Winter Wheat

Hurry, Vaughan; Hüner, Norman P. A.

doi:10.1104/pp.96.2.491

Cited by 83 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These data show that the lesion in CH spring rape photosynthesis may be associated with the consumption of reducing equivalents, and therefore with carbon metabolism. A similar conclusion was drawn from earlier studies of a range of spring wheats grown at low temperature (Hurry and Huner, 1991).…”

Section: Chl Fluorescencesupporting

confidence: 72%

“…That the calculated Qlo values were close to 2 for both cultivars supports the conclusion that growth has been restricted by thermodynamic limitations (Table I). Similar trends for a range of growth parameters have been reported previously for winter rye (Griffith and McIntyre, 1993) and winter and spring wheat (Hurry and Huner, 1991) grown under similar conditions. Note that "growth rate" is used here to represent total biomass accumulation.…”

Section: Crowth Kineticssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Under coldhardening conditions, spring wheats are taller and produce more leaf area than winter cultivars, with the consequence that the unit leaf rate (total dry matter per unit leaf area) is 250 I D. . 1.5-to 2-fold higher for winter cultivars (Hurry, 1991). Similarly, the NAR of winter wheat was 1.5-fold and that of winter rape was 10-fold higher than the values of the respective spring cultivars (Fig.…”

Section: Starch and Soluble Sugar Contentmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Cold Hardening of Spring and Winter Wheat and Rape Results in Differential Effects on Growth, Carbon Metabolism, and Carbohydrate Content

et al. 1995

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The effect of long-term (months) exposure to low temperature (5OC) on growth, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism was studied in spring and winter cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rape (Brassica napus). Cold-grown winter rape and winter wheat maintained higher net assimilation rates and higher in situ CO, exchange rates than the respective cold-grown spring cultivars. In particular, the relative growth rate of spring rape declined over time at low temperature, and this was associated with a 92% loss in in situ CO, exchange rates. Associated with the high photosynthetic rates of cold-grown winter cultivars was a 2-fold increase per unit of protein in both stromal and cytosolic fructose-l,6-bisphosphatase activity and a 1.5-to 2-fold increase in sucrose-phosphate synthase activity. Neither spring cultivar increased enzyme activity on a per unit of protein basis. We suggest that the recovery of photosynthetic capacity at low temperature and the regulation of enzymatic activity represent acclimation in winter cultivars. This allows these overwintering herbaceous annuals to maximize the production of sugars with possible cryoprotective function and to accumulate sufficient carbohydrate storage reserves to support basal metabolism and regrowth in the spring.

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Section: Chl Fluorescencesupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Crowth Kineticssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Starch and Soluble Sugar Contentmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Cold Hardening of Spring and Winter Wheat and Rape Results in Differential Effects on Growth, Carbon Metabolism, and Carbohydrate Content

et al. 1995

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“…Typically, plants with larger antenna, such as shade plants (1), or plants with limited potential to fix CO2, such as plants exposed to low temperatures (25,28), exhibit increased susceptibility to photoinhibition. Photoinhibition reduces the photochemical efficiency of PSII and it is typically detected as a decrease in FV3, Fv/FM, or a decrease in the quantum yield of 02 evolution (4,14,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cold Hardening on Sensitivity of Winter and Spring Wheat Leaves to Short-Term Photoinhibition and Recovery of Photosynthesis

Hurry¹,

Hüner²

1992

Plant Physiol.

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111

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Photoinhibition of photosynthesis and its recovery were studied in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaves grown at nonhardening (20°C) and cold-hardening (5°C) temperatures. Cold-hardened wheat leaves were less susceptible to photoinhibition at 5°C than nonhardened leaves, and the winter cultivars, Kharkov and Monopol, were less susceptible than the spring cultivar, Glenlea. The presence of chloramphenicol, a chloroplastic protein synthesis inhibitor, increased the susceptibility to photoinhibition, but coldhardened leaves still remained less susceptible to photoinhibition than nonhardened leaves. Recovery at 50 Mmol m-2 S-1 photosynthetic photon flux density and 20°C was at least biphasic, with a fast and a slow phase in all cultivars. Cold-hardened leaves recovered maximum fluorescence and maximum variable fluorescence in the dark-adapted state during the fast phase at a rate of 42% h-' compared with 22% h-1 for nonhardened leaves. The slow phase occurred at similar rates (2% h-') in cold-hardened and nonhardened leaves. Full recovery required up to 30 h. Fastrecovery phase was not reduced by either lowering the recovery temperature to 50C or by the presence of chloramphenicol. Slowrecovery phase was inhibited by both treatments. Hence, the fast phase of recovery does not require de novo chloroplast protein synthesis. In addition, only approximately 60% of the photochemical efficiency lost through photoinhibition at 5C was associated with lost [14C]atrazine binding and, hence, with damage to the secondary quinone electron acceptor for photosystem II-binding site. We conclude that the decrease in susceptibility to photoinhibition exhibited following cold hardening of winter and spring cultivars is not due to an increased capacity for repair of photoinhibitory damage at 5°C but reflects intrinsic properties of the cold-hardened photosynthetic apparatus. A model to account for the fast component of recovery is discussed.Cold-tolerant cereals such as winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and winter rye (Secale cereale L.) acquire maximum freezing tolerance following prolonged growth and development of seedlings at low, nonfreezing temperatures (0-50C) (18,21 more, damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, typically first expressed as photoinhibition, is exacerbated when high irradiance accompanies the low-temperature exposure (25,27). Typically, plants with larger antenna, such as shade plants (1), or plants with limited potential to fix CO2, such as plants exposed to low temperatures (25, 28), exhibit increased susceptibility to photoinhibition. Photoinhibition reduces the photochemical efficiency of PSII and it is typically detected as a decrease in FV3, Fv/FM, or a decrease in the quantum yield of 02 evolution (4, 14, 17).Greer et al. (10) suggested that the susceptibility of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to low-temperature-induced photoinhibition is due to an imbalance between rates of damage and repair of PSII reaction center polypeptides through de novo chloroplastic protein synthesis. However, winter rye (20...

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“…The 02 evolution of second leaves was measured with a leaf-disc electrode (LD1, Hansa Tech, Kings Lynn, UK, Delieu and Walker 1981). The chamber was kept at 25*C and refilled with a gas mixture consisting of 5% CO2 : 5% 02 : 90% N2 (Hurry and Hunter 1991). Light was provided by a set of photodiodes (Hansatech Kings Lynn, UK; &max=660 nm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in photosynthetic oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence in some cool season grasses and zoysiagrasses (Zoysiaspp.) from autumn to winter

Okawara¹,

Kaneko²

1995

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Photoinhibition under low temperature conditions is considered to be one of the major factors for the reduction of the photosynthetic activity of leaves during winter in the temperate climate zone in chilling-sensitive plants ( (Jguist et al. 1987). Photoinhibition has been manifested by the changes in CQ-dependent 02 evolution rate and fluorescence intensity in intact leaves and isolated chloroplasts (Powles and Bjorkman 1982;Powles et al. 1983;Somersalo and Krause 1989). Although short term inhibition and/or recovery has been observed in chilling-sensitive plants (Cleland et al. 1986; Greer et al. 1986; Terashima et al. 1991a, b), the role of photoinhibitory reduction under natural chilling conditions in the photosynthetic capacity of grasses has not been clarified yet.The means of daily maximum and minimum temperatures record in a local weather station (Chiba) were 26.80C and 19.4~ in September, 1992 and they decreased to 13.10C and 5.3~ in December, 1992. As a result, plants grown outdoors were subjected to chilling temperatures (below 15-100C, Levitt 1980) during the daytime in winter. The lowest daily minimum temperature was not lower than 0~ during the experiment and freezing stress was not considered to be the main factor determining the growth of plants in the location of the present experiment.In this study, the changes in both CO2-dependent 02 evolution rate and leaf fluorescence at room temperature from autumn to winter were recorded to estimate the occurrence of the damage caused by photoinhibition at the time of the application of the chilling temperature stress. The CO2-dependent Oa evolution rate affects the photosynthetic activity of the leaf under high light intensity and also provide the photon yield at a low light intensity where the linear relationship with PFD is maintained. Chlorophyll fluorescence of the intact leaves provides information about the damage caused to PSII and consequent photochemical reactions Weis 1984, 1991).As a comparison, warm and cool season grasses were used in this study. Zoysiagrasses are commonly used warm season grasses and are widely distributed in Japan including various species and ecotypes. Our preliminary results showed that they were sensitive to chilling temperatures (below 15-10*C) and brief exposure to chilling temperatures with moderate light intensity severely impaired the photon yield of leaves. Three cool season

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Low Growth Temperature Effects a Differential Inhibition of Photosynthesis in Spring and Winter Wheat

Cited by 83 publications

References 28 publications

Cold Hardening of Spring and Winter Wheat and Rape Results in Differential Effects on Growth, Carbon Metabolism, and Carbohydrate Content

Cold Hardening of Spring and Winter Wheat and Rape Results in Differential Effects on Growth, Carbon Metabolism, and Carbohydrate Content

Effect of Cold Hardening on Sensitivity of Winter and Spring Wheat Leaves to Short-Term Photoinhibition and Recovery of Photosynthesis

Changes in photosynthetic oxygen evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence in some cool season grasses and zoysiagrasses (Zoysiaspp.) from autumn to winter

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