Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcomas of the maxilla

Abstract

Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is a distinct mesenchymal myofibroblastic malignancy. The tumor may occur at a variety of sites, but is particularly associated with the head and neck. Of the two maxillary sarcomas that were analyzed in the present study, one was misdiagnosed as an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor during pre-operative excision biopsy, and later presented with a different immunophenotype upon recurrence. Representative paraffin blocks from formalin-fixed tissues were selected from each patient and designated as case 1 and case 2. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on 3-μm thick sections using primary antibodies against α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), muscle-specific actin (MSA), desmin, vimentin, calponin, h-caldesmon, fibronectin, cytokeratin, cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34), S-100 protein, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and Ki-67. Immunohistochemistry was performed using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. The tumor cells from the two maxillary LGMSs, including the recurrent lesion, were positive for vimentin and fibronectin, and negative for S-100 protein, CD34, EMA, h-caldesmon, ALK, MSA and calponin. The tumor cells from case 1 demonstrated positive staining for α-SMA protein and negative staining for desmin. By contrast, the tumor cells from the primary lesion in case 2 presented with negative staining for α-SMA and positive staining for desmin, while the cells of the recurrent lesion were α-SMA-positive and desmin-negative. The present study concluded that cases of LGMS with immunoprofile alterations are predictive of relatively poor prognoses.

Indolent growth of low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of the cheek mimics benign lesions: A case report and literature review

“…As presented in Table I, LGMS has been reported to occur in a number of locations in the head and neck region (1,2,4,6,13,15–40). Of these, three cases of LGMS in the cheek have reported, including the present case, one case located at the nasolabial fold and one from the buccal mucosa (16,23).…”

Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma: a case report of a child

“…In this study, we focused only on low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma. Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma generally affects adult males (average age: 40 years), but cases of all age groups have been reported to date [5][6][7]. This tumor can develop throughout the body, but the most common location is the cervicofacial region.…”

“…The limits of the invasion are macroscopically indistinguishable, and radiological examination is needed to detect infiltration and bone damage with respect to the lesion [11]. This tumor is a highly infiltrating and slowly developing tumor with a low metastatic potential and is usually revealed after a long period of indolence [6,12]. In a study (2012) on 38 cases of lowgrade myofibroblastic sarcoma, Yamada et al reported a recurrence rate of approximately 38%, which correlated to the tumor size [7].…”

“…Desmin is an irregular marker for this type of tumor. However, they show negative results for S-100 proteins, CD34 markers, and AE1/AE3 cytokeratins [1,6,7,8,13].…”

Role of miR-196 and its target gene HoxB8 in the development and proliferation of human colorectal cancer and the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 on their expression

“…Radio-immunoprecipitation assay lysate buffer (1 ml) was added into the powder and the supernatant was transferred to a 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube for 30-min lysis on ice. The concentration of HoxB8 protein in the 50 samples embedded in paraffin wax was measured using the immunohistochemical streptavidin-biotin complex method (14). Phosphate-buffered saline was used for the negative control and image of the positive control was from GE Healthcare Life Sciences.…”