“…For the isometric hand-grip force tasks, a customized isometric force control device (SEED TECH Co., Ltd., Bucheon, Republic of Korea; Figure 1a) was used. Based on previous studies [24,37,38], participants sat 80 cm away from a 54.6 cm LCD monitor and grabbed handles embedded with a force transducer (Micro Load Cell-CZL635-3135, range = 220 lbs., Phidgets Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada) in a comfortable position (i.e., 15 • -20 • of shoulder flexion and 20 • -45 • of elbow flexion; Figure 1b). While performing force control tasks, all force signals were collected at a 200 Hz sampling rate using a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter (A/D; ADS1148 16-bit 2kSPS and a minimum detectable force = 0.0192 N) and amplified using an INA122 with a 5 V excitation voltage (Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA).…”