“…5, 32) that experimental LFDD data often overestimate theoretical predictions, even if a complete electrokinetic theory like that of DeLacey and White (8) is used. Both theoretically (11) and experimentally (5,(32)(33)(34), it has been shown that the disagreement could be reduced if an electrokinetic theory based on the existence of a dynamic Stern layer (DSL) is employed instead of a standard model. In a DSL description, ions beneath the electrokinetic shear plane are assumed to be able to move tangentially to the surface, contrary to so-called standard or classical theories, in which both the fluid and the ions located in the inner part of the double layer are thought of as rigidly bound to the solid, hence completely immobile.…”