Low-Dose γ-Irradiation Affects the Survival of Exposed <i>Daphnia</i> and their Offspring

Sarapultseva, Elena I.; Gorski, A.

doi:10.2203/dose-response.12-033.sarapultseva

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that exposure to acute doses of gamma radiation can cause significant mortality (Fuma et al, 2003), cause reduction in mobility and growth in daphnids, as well as a decrease in carbon incorporation in connection to reduced activity, filtering and ingestion rates (Nascimento et al, 2015. Chronic exposure to gamma radiation can negatively impact survival, growth (decrease in body mass and length), metabolic dynamics (reduced resistance to starvation, decrease in mean-life span, alterations in respiration rate and mitochondrial activity) and reproduction (reduction in fecundity, delay in brood release and reduction in brood size) in daphnids, effects that were aggravated in subsequent generations (Gilbin, 2008;Marshall, 1962Marshall, , 1966Parisot et al, 2015;Sarapultseva and Gorski, 2013;Sarapultseva et al, 2017). Radiation-induced genotoxicity after chronic exposure was also reported in D. magna in the form of significant DNA alterations and transmission to progeny across generations (Parisot et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma radiation induces dose-dependent oxidative stress and transcriptional alterations in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna

Gomes

Shang

Brede

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Among aquatic organisms, invertebrate species such as the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna are believed to be sensitive to gamma radiation, although information on responses at the individual, biochemical and molecular level is scarce. Following gamma radiation exposure, biological effects are attributed to the formation of free radicals, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequently oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA in exposed organisms. Thus, in the present study, effects and modes of action (MoA) have been investigated in D. magna exposed to gamma radiation (dose rates: 0.41, 1.1, 4.3, 10.7, 42.9 and 106 mGy/h) after short-term exposure (24 and 48 h). Several individual, cellular and molecular endpoints were addressed, such as ROS formation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and global transcriptional changes. The results showed that oxidative stress is one of the main toxic effects in gamma radiation exposed D. magna, mediated by the dose-dependent increase in ROS formation and consequently oxidative damage to lipids and DNA over time. Global transcriptional analysis verified oxidative stress as one of the main MoA of gamma radiation at high dose rates, and identified a number of additional MoAs that may be of toxicological relevance. The present study confirmed that acute exposure to gamma radiation caused a range of cellular and molecular effects in D. magna exposed to intermediate dose rates, and highlights the need for assessing effects at longer and more environmentally relevant exposure durations in future studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma radiation induces dose-dependent oxidative stress and transcriptional alterations in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna

Gomes

Shang

Brede

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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“…We found no overall effect of dose rate on Daphnia survival. Laboratory-based studies have previously demonstrated that ionizing radiation negatively affects invertebrate (including Daphnia) survival at higher levels than those tested within the present study (Nohara et al, 2014;Parisot et al, 2015;Sarapultseva & Gorski, 2013). Parisot et al, (2015) found elevated mortality in Daphnia under radiation exposure, but only when animals were exposed for multiple generations under very high dose rates (4.7 × 10 3 µGy/h and 3.54 × 10 4 µGy/h); these are much higher doses than those found in the CEZ, (we estimated ~180 µGy/h in Gluboke lake, which experienced the highest dose rate).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…We tested whether selection played a primary role in shaping populations by examining whether the variation associated with population fitness (instantaneous growth rate, r) declines with dose rate. We also examined whether radiation reduced mean population fitness by testing whether Daphnia fitness declines with dose rate, as would be consistent with previous studies that have demonstrated laboratory exposure to radiation reduces invertebrate fitness (Nohara et al, 2014;Parisot, Bourdineaud, Plaire, Adam-Guillermin, & Alonzo, 2015;Sarapultseva & Gorski, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Variation in chronic radiation exposure does not drive life history divergence among Daphnia populations across the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

Goodman

Copplestone

Laptev

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Ionizing radiation is a mutagen with known negative impacts on individual fitness. However, much less is known about how these individual fitness effects translate into population‐level variation in natural environments that have experienced varying levels of radiation exposure. In this study, we sampled genotypes of the freshwater crustacean, Daphnia pulex , from the eight inhabited lakes across the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ). Each lake has experienced very different levels of chronic radiation exposure since a nuclear power reactor exploded there over thirty years ago. The sampled Daphnia genotypes represent genetic snapshots of current populations and allowed us to examine fitness‐related traits under controlled laboratory conditions at UK background dose rates. We found that whilst there was variation in survival and schedules of reproduction among populations, there was no compelling evidence that this was driven by variation in exposure to radiation. Previous studies have shown that controlled exposure to radiation at dose rates included in the range measured in the current study reduce survival, or fecundity, or both. One limitation of this study is the lack of available sites at high dose rates, and future work could test life history variation in various organisms at other high radiation areas. Our results are nevertheless consistent with the idea that other ecological factors, for example competition, predation or parasitism, are likely to play a much bigger role in driving variation among populations than exposure to the high radiation dose rates found in the CEZ. These findings clearly demonstrate that it is important to examine the potential negative effects of radiation across wild populations that are subject to many and varied selection pressures as a result of complex ecological interactions.

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“…It is of note that this dose rate falls below the value of ~ 0.4 mGy/hr -1 provided by a number of organisations below which no deleterious population level effects are predicted to occur in aquatic organisms (See Table 2) by an order of magnitude. A recent study (Sarapultseva & Gorski, 2013) further suggested deleterious impacts on neonates relating to metabolic perturbations. Following parental exposure to acute gamma doses of 100 and 1000 mGy from Cobalt-60, a ~20% decrease in the mean life span of nonexposed first generation D. magna offspring was demonstrated.…”

Section: Radiation-induced Impacts On Growth and Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The available literature within the crustacean subphylum suggests the presence of effects over multiple generations (Alonzo et al, 2008a;Plaire et al, 2013;Massarin et al, 2010;Parisot et al, 2015;Sarapultseva & Gorski, 2013). Alonzo et al, (2008a) and Massarin et al, (2010) recorded an increase in the magnitude of deleterious effects across generations in Daphnia magna exposed to chronic alpha irradiation and chronic waterborne uranium exposure respectively, with severe impacts to fitness and reproduction in individuals of the F 2 generation.…”

Section: The Effect Of Ionising Radiation On Reproduction In Crustaceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biological effects of ionising radiation on Crustaceans: A review

et al. 2015

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Historic approaches to radiation protection are founded on the conjecture that measures to safeguard humans are adequate to protect non-human organisms. This view is disparate with other toxicants wherein well-developed frameworks exist to minimise exposure of biota. Significant data gaps for many organisms, coupled with high profile nuclear incidents such as Chernobyl and Fukushima, have prompted the re-evaluation of our approach toward environmental radioprotection. Elucidating the impacts of radiation on biota has been identified as priority area for future research within both scientific and regulatory communities. The crustaceans are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems, comprising greater than 66,000 species of ecological and commercial importance. This paper aims to assess the available literature of radiation-induced effects within this subphylum and identify knowledge gaps. A literature search was conducted pertaining to radiation effects on four endpoints as stipulated by a number of regulatory bodies: mortality, morbidity, reproduction and mutation. A major finding of this review was the paucity of data regarding the effects of environmentally relevant radiation doses on crustacean biology. Extremely few studies utilising chronic exposure durations or wild populations were found across all four endpoints. The dose levels at which effects occur was found to vary by orders of magnitude thus presenting difficulties in developing phyla-specific benchmark values and reference levels for radioprotection. Based on the limited data, mutation was found to be the most sensitive endpoint of radiation exposure, with mortality the least sensitive. Current phyla-specific dose levels and limits proposed by major regulatory bodies were found to be inadequate to protect species across a range of endpoints including morbidity, mutation and reproduction and examples are discussed within. These findings serve to prioritise areas for future research that will significantly advance understanding of radiation-induced effects in aquatic invertebrates and consequently enhance ability to predict the impacts of radioactive releases on the environment.

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Low-Dose γ-Irradiation Affects the Survival of Exposed Daphnia and their Offspring

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Gamma radiation induces dose-dependent oxidative stress and transcriptional alterations in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna

Gamma radiation induces dose-dependent oxidative stress and transcriptional alterations in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna

Variation in chronic radiation exposure does not drive life history divergence among Daphnia populations across the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

The biological effects of ionising radiation on Crustaceans: A review

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