Low-Dose β-Blocker in Combination With Milrinone Safely Improves Cardiac Function and Eliminates Pulsus Alternans in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Intravenous Inotropic Therapy in Advanced Heart Failure

“…[24][25][26][27][28] Several small studies of β-blockers in combination with milrinone have shown that this combination is well tolerated, may improve hemodynamics compared with milrinone alone, and that it is feasible to use inotropes initially in patients presenting with severe HF, then initiate β-blockers and other oral HF therapies with subsequent wean of inotropes. [29][30][31][32][33][34] In a post hoc analysis of the OPTIME study, in patients who were continued on β-blockers on admission, there was no difference in the primary end point regardless of assignment to milrinone or placebo. Patients whose β-blockers were withdrawn on randomization to milrinone had worse outcomes.…”

Safety and Efficacy of a Bolus Injection of Landiolol Hydrochloride as a Premedication for Multidetector-Row Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography

“…22 Landiolol has similar pharmacological properties as esmolol, 23 but is short-acting and highly selective for β1 receptors, thus showing fewer side effects than other longer-acting β-blockers. 6,7 Recent studies have shown landiolol to be safe and effective in patients with perioperative atrial fibrillation or tachycardia, 9,11,13 in patients with severe ventricular arrhythmia 10 or acute decompensated heart failure, 11 and for early initiation of β-blockers in patients with acute myocardial infarction. 12 In addition, Isobe et al reported the usefulness of continuous infusion of landiolol hydrochloride for MDCT CAG.…”

Urgent Management of Rapid Heart Rate in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter and Left Ventricular Dysfunction

“…In addition, it selectively binds to β1 receptors, with a β1 receptor selectivity (β1/β2) as high as 251. 11 Based on these properties, landiolol has been reported to be useful for treating several acute disorders, including arrhythmias during heart surgery, 12 acute myocardial infarction, 13 acute decompensated heart failure, 14 and refractory electrical storm. 15 Ultra-short-acting β-blockers may be useful to control the HR with minimal effects on cardiac function because the negative inotropic effect is not sustained after decreasing the dose or stopping administration of these drugs.…”