Low dose induction of micronuclei by lindane

Kalantzi, Olga I.

doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh048

Cited by 77 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…For instance, the OC lindane was found to induce micronuclei in cultured human prostate cells following treatment at very low concentrations (10 -12 -10 -10 M) for 24 hours. 30 Thus, both receptor-and genotoxic-mediated toxicities may be at work for OCs and prostate cancer. Collectively, these studies seem to show that subpopulations with specific genetic characteristics may be particularly vulnerable to the carcinogenic effects of certain OC and OP insecticides.…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased cancer burden among pesticide applicators and others due to pesticide exposure

Alavanja

Ross

Bonner

2013

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

291

213

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A growing number of well-designed epidemiological and molecular studies provide substantial evidence that the pesticides used in agricultural, commercial, and home and garden applications are associated with excess cancer risk. This risk is associated both with those applying the pesticide and, under some conditions, those who are simply bystanders to the application. In this article, the epidemiological, molecular biology, and toxicological evidence emerging from recent literature assessing the link between specific pesticides and several cancers including prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, and breast cancer are integrated. Although the review is not exhaustive in its scope or depth, the literature does strongly suggest that the public health problem is real. If we are to avoid the introduction of harmful chemicals into the environment in the future, the integrated efforts of molecular biology, pesticide toxicology, and epidemiology are needed to help identify the human carcinogens and thereby improve our understanding of human carcinogenicity and reduce cancer risk. CA Cancer J Clin 2013;63:120-142.

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Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased cancer burden among pesticide applicators and others due to pesticide exposure

Alavanja

Ross

Bonner

2013

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

291

213

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“…The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay is a routine shortterm genotoxicity test that facilitates the identification of chromosomal damage in the form of micronuclei in binucleate cells [21,22]. Micronuclei occur when either a whole chromosome or a piece of chromosomal material fails to appropriately segregate properly during the anaphase of cell mitosis, resulting in either a numerical chromosomal change (aneuploidy) or a clastogenic (chromosomal-breaking) effect [23].…”

Section: Overview To Cellular Assays and Laboratory Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCR is a common method for amplifying complementary DNA, which is reverse transcribed using reverse transcriptase and specific primers ( Table 1). The levels of messenger RNA transcript are then determined in a real-time cycling reaction and compared with a calibrator control within the experiment [22,25,30].…”

Section: Overview To Cellular Assays and Laboratory Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sublethal genotoxicity and cell alterations by organophosphorus pesticides in MCF‐7 cells: Implications for environmentally relevant concentrations

Ukpebor

Llabjani

Martin

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Organophosphorus pesticide (OPP) toxicity is believed to be mediated through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Given their widespread distribution in aquatic systems and their ability to undergo chemical transformation, their environmental impacts at sublethal concentrations in nontarget organisms have become an important question. We conducted a number of mammalian-cell genotoxic and gene expression assays and examined cellular biochemical changes that followed low-dose exposure of MCF-7 cells to fenitrothion, diazinon, and the aqueous degradate of diazinon, 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (IMP). After exposure to the OPPs at low concentrations (10(-12) M to 10(-8) M), greater than twofold elevations in micronucleus formation were noted in MCF-7 cell cultures that went on to exhibit greater than 75% clonogenic survival; these levels of chromosomal damage were comparable to those induced by 10(-6) M benzo[a]pyrene, a known genotoxic agent. At this low concentration range, a fenitrothion-induced twofold elevation in B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and cytochrome P450 isoenzyme (CYP1A1) gene expressions was observed. Principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) of derived infrared (IR) spectra of vehicle control (nonexposed) and OPP-exposed cells highlighted that both fenitrothion and diazinon induced marked biochemical alterations in the lipid, protein, and DNA/RNA absorbance regions. Our findings demonstrate that the two OPP parent chemicals and IMP degradate can mediate a number of toxic effects or cellular alterations at very low concentrations. These are independent of just selective inhibition of AChE, with potential consequences for nontarget organisms exposed at environmentally relevant concentrations. Further assays on relevant aquatic organism cell lines are now recommended to understand the mechanistic low-dose toxicity of these chemicals present in aquatic systems.

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“…The MNT has proven to be useful in biomontoring (Bonassi et al, 2003) and mutagenicity testing (Kalantzi et al, 2004), as well as for the characterization of defects in DNA damage repair that may be associated with heritable cancer proneness (Rothfuss et al, 2000;Scott, 2000;Baeyens et al, 2002). Thereby cancer susceptibility is assessed by the intermediate (cellular) phenotype of e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Radiosensitivity detected by the micronucleus test is not generally increased in sporadic prostate cancer patients

Varga

Patiño-García

et al. 2005

Cytogenet Genome Res

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The micronucleus test (MNT) has shown increased micronuclei (MN) frequencies in BRCA associated and sporadic breast cancer patients, Ataxia telangiectasia and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome patients, demonstrating a common cellular phenotype of increased radiosensitivity. Some genes, causative of these diseases, have also recently been associated with prostate cancer. In order to investigate if prostate cancer exhibits the cellular phenotype of increased radiosensitivity, we performed MNT analysis on 22 sporadic prostate cancer patients and 43 male controls. We determined the baseline MN frequency, in order to see in vivo chromosomal damage without radiation, and induced (after irradiation with 2 Gy) frequency of MN, both in binucleated cells (BNC) obtained from cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes. An automated image analysis system was used to score the MN employing two different classifiers (Classifier A and B) for detection of BNC. The mean baseline frequencies were 48/43 MN/1000 BNC (A/B) for the controls and 42/50 (A/B) for prostate cancer patients. The induced MN frequencies amounted to 107/111 MN/1000 BNC (A/B) for controls and 111/114 MN/1000 BNC (A/B) for prostate cancer patients. The obtained MN frequencies did not result in a statistically significant difference between unselected cases and controls. However, restricting the analysis to young patients (50–60 years, N = 7) and age-matched controls (N = 7) revealed marginally significant higher MN frequencies in patients. We conclude that increased radiosensitivity is not a property of prostate cancer patients in general.

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Low dose induction of micronuclei by lindane

Cited by 77 publications

References 34 publications

Increased cancer burden among pesticide applicators and others due to pesticide exposure

Increased cancer burden among pesticide applicators and others due to pesticide exposure

Sublethal genotoxicity and cell alterations by organophosphorus pesticides in MCF‐7 cells: Implications for environmentally relevant concentrations

Radiosensitivity detected by the micronucleus test is not generally increased in sporadic prostate cancer patients

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