Low dietary magnesium intake alters vitamin D—parathyroid hormone relationship in adults who are overweight or obese

Cheung, May; DeLuccia, Rosemary; Ramadoss, Rohit; Aljahdali, Abeer; Volpe, Stella L.; Shewokis, Patricia A.; Sukumar, Deeptha

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2019.08.003

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Other factors affecting Mg requirement include body mass, obesity, background diet (calcium, type of fiber, vitamin E and selenium), and oxidative stress [179]. Mg is essential in the metabolism of vitamin D as low dietary Mg intake can alter vitamin D-parathyroid hormone balance [180] and large doses of vitamin D can deplete Mg [181]. Evidence from 27 different balance studies in 243 healthy individuals found age and sex do not appear to affect urinary Mg excretion [182].…”

Section: Magnesium (Mg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Nutrient Deficiency—Opportunities to Improve Nutritional Status and Promote Health Modernizing DRIs and Supplementation Recommendations

McBurney

Blumberg

Costello³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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The US Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) provide dietary recommendations to meet nutrient needs, promote health, and prevent disease. Despite 40 years of DGA, the prevalence of under-consumed nutrients continues in the US and globally, although dietary supplement use can help to fill shortfalls. Nutrient recommendations are based on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) to meet the nutrient requirements for nearly all (97 to 98 percent) healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group and many need to be updated using current evidence. There is an opportunity to modernize vitamin and mineral intake recommendations based on biomarker or surrogate endpoint levels needed to ‘prevent deficiency’ with DRIs based on ranges of biomarker or surrogate endpoints levels that support normal cell/organ/tissue function in healthy individuals, and to establish DRIs for bioactive compounds. We recommend vitamin K and Mg DRIs be updated and DRIs be established for lutein and eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (EPA + DHA). With increasing interest in personalized (or precision) nutrition, we propose greater research investment in validating biomarkers and metabolic health measures and the development and use of inexpensive diagnostic devices. Data generated from such approaches will help elucidate optimal nutrient status, provide objective evaluations of an individual’s nutritional status, and serve to provide personalized nutrition guidance.

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Section: Magnesium (Mg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Nutrient Deficiency—Opportunities to Improve Nutritional Status and Promote Health Modernizing DRIs and Supplementation Recommendations

McBurney

Blumberg

Costello³

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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“…Patel et al (44) investigated whether dietary calcium intake will influence the serum PTH concentrations in apparently healthy Indian adolescents and found that subjects with higher calcium intake had lower PTH. Cheung et al (45) suggested that low dietary magnesium intake could alter the vitamin D-PTH relationship in adults who were overweight or obese. In another study assessing the effect of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet, which is rich in fiber and low-fat dairy and is useful for lowering blood pressure on the PTH level, no significant effect was observed (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Parathyroid Hormone in Adults With/Without Chronic Kidney Disease

et al. 2021

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Aims: We aimed to assess the association between dietary inflammation index (DII) with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and hyperparathyroidism (HP) in adults with/without chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: Data were obtained from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The participants who were <18 years old, pregnant, or missing the data of DII, PTH, and CKD were excluded. DII was calculated based on a 24-h dietary recall interview for each participant. Weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to estimate the independent relationship between DII with PTH and the HP in the population with CKD/non-CKD.Results: A total of 7,679 participants were included with the median DII of −0.24 (−2.20 to 1.80) and a mean PTH level of 43.42 ± 23.21 pg/ml. The average PTH was 45.53 ± 26.63 pg/ml for the participants in the highest tertile group compared with 41.42 ± 19.74 pg/ml in the lowest tertile group (P < 0.0001). The rate of HP was 11.15% overall, while the rate in the highest DII tertile was 13.28 and 8.60% in the lowest DII tertile (P < 0.0001). The participants with CKD tended to have higher PTH levels compared with their counterparts (61.23 ± 45.62 vs. 41.80 ± 19.16 pg/ml, P < 0.0001). A positive association between DII scores and PTH was observed (β = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.66, P ≤ 0.0001), and higher DII was associated with an increased risk of HP (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.08, P = 0.0023). The results from subgroup analysis indicated that this association was similar in the participants with different renal function, gender, age, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes statuses and could also be appropriate for the population with CKD.Conclusions: Higher consumption of a pro-inflammatory diet appeared to cause a higher PTH level and an increased risk of HP. Anti-inflammatory dietary management may be beneficial to reduce the risk of HP both in the population with and without CKD.

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“…This may influence the 25(OH)D-PTH relation, as demonstrated by Patel et al who found lower serum PTH values for given 25(OH)D concentrations in subjects with high calcium intake (31). A low dietary magnesium intake may also alter the 25(OH)D-PTH relationship, at least in overweight or obese subjects (32). Differences in calcium and magnesium intakes may therefore partly explain the wide range in 25(OH)D thresholds reported.…”

Section: Declaration Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 90%

Serum PTH is not a good marker for defining a threshold for vitamin D deficiency

Jorde

Grimnes

2020

Endocrine Connections

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Objective In addition to its skeletal effects, vitamin D may also be important for health in general. It is uncertain what level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), marker of vitamin D status, is sufficient for these effects. With decreasing serum 25(OH)D levels there is an increase in serum PTH. The point at which this occurs has been considered as a threshold for vitamin D sufficiency. The thresholds found have varied widely and have mainly been based on observational studies. However, to truly establish a threshold for vitamin D effects, this has to be based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods The study included 2803 subjects from a general health survey, the Tromsø study, and pooled individual person data from five vitamin D intervention studies (n = 1544). Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and change in PTH after vitamin D supplementation were related to serum 25(OH)D levels in steps of 25 nmol/L (<24, 25–49, 50–74, 75–99, and >99 nmol/L). Results In the Tromsø study, in the females there was a gradual decrease in serum PTH with increasing serum 25(OH)D with no apparent plateau, whereas in the males the decrease in PTH in subjects with serum 25(OH)D >74 nmol/l was marginal. In pooled RCTs, there was a significant reduction in serum PTH by vitamin D supplementation regardless of baseline serum 25(OH)D level. Conclusions The use of the serum PTH–25(OH)D relation from observational studies to determine a threshold for vitamin D sufficiency is highly questionable.

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Low dietary magnesium intake alters vitamin D—parathyroid hormone relationship in adults who are overweight or obese

Cited by 17 publications

References 57 publications

Beyond Nutrient Deficiency—Opportunities to Improve Nutritional Status and Promote Health Modernizing DRIs and Supplementation Recommendations

Beyond Nutrient Deficiency—Opportunities to Improve Nutritional Status and Promote Health Modernizing DRIs and Supplementation Recommendations

The Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Parathyroid Hormone in Adults With/Without Chronic Kidney Disease

Serum PTH is not a good marker for defining a threshold for vitamin D deficiency

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