Low density-microplastics detected in sheep faeces and soil: A case study from the intensive vegetable farming in Southeast Spain

Bériot, Nicolas; Peek, Joost; Zornoza, Raúl; Geissen, Violette; Lwanga, Esperanza Huerta

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653

Cited by 190 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The MP content in the Spanish soil was comparatively higher than in the Dutch soil and was similar to the one found in a previous study in the same area for similar agricultural managements [44]. The conventional plastic mulch is removed from the fields after the harvest.…”

Section: Accumulation Of Microplastics In Soilssupporting

confidence: 86%

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Sources of Light Density Microplastic Related to Two Agricultural Practices: The Use of Compost and Plastic Mulch

et al. 2021

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Microplastics (MPs) constitute a known, undesirable contaminant of the ecosystems. Land-based pollution is considered to be an important contributor, but microplastics in the terrestrial environment remains largely unquantified. Some agriculture practices, such as plastic mulch and compost application, are suspected to be major sources of microplastics as plastics are exposed to weathering or are present in organic fertilizers. The overall aim of this research is to bridge the terrestrial plastic contamination information gap, focusing on light density microplastics in two vegetable production systems in Southeast Spain and in the Netherlands. The selected farmer in Spain used plastic mulch for more than 12 years whereas the two farmers in the Netherlands annually applied 10 t ha−1 compost for the past 7 and 20 years. Samples from two different depths were collected: 0–10 cm and 10–30 cm. High quality compost samples originating from municipal organic waste and from garden and greenhouse waste were obtained from two Dutch compost plants. All samples from both Spanish (n = 29) and Dutch (n = 40) soils were contaminated by microplastics, containing 2242 ± 984 MPs kg−1 and 888 ± 500 MPs kg−1, respectively. Compost samples from municipal organic waste (n = 9) were more contaminated than the ones from garden and green house wastes (n = 19), with, respectively, 2800 ± 616 MPs kg−1 and 1253 ± 561 MPs kg−1. These results highlight the need for studies focusing on the effects of microplastics in the environment and the need for monitoring campaigns and the implementation of thresholds to regulate the microplastic contamination.

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Section: Accumulation Of Microplastics In Soilssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…At a different scale, grazing animals can ingest plastic debris in agricultural fields and defecate microplastics in another area [43]. For example, a herd of sheep could be responsible for the transport of 1 MPs m −2 d −1 [44].…”

Section: Accumulation Of Microplastics In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of Light Density Microplastic Related to Two Agricultural Practices: The Use of Compost and Plastic Mulch

et al. 2021

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“…Various ecosystem services in which invertebrates participate could be affected by PLA residues in soil. Microplastics could also be transferred to the next trophic group and reach vertebrates [14,15] with the inevitable result that sooner or later, humans will end up ingesting microplastics (microplastic effects on humans are related to health disorders such as obesity, infertility and endocrine disruption [16]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Polylactic Acid Fiber in Green Compost a Risk for Lumbricus terrestris and Triticum aestivum?

et al. 2021

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Polylactic acid (PLA) bioplastic was introduced to the market as an environmentally friendly potential solution for plastic pollution. However, the effects of bioplastic debris mixed with composts on soil macroinvertebrates, plant growth and soil conditions are still unknown. Soil macroinvertebrates are soil health indicators. A reduction in their abundance is a sign of soil degradation. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess PLA debris in greenhouse composts, and (ii) to test the ecotoxicological effects of PLA debris mixed with compost on Lumbricus terrestris, a soil organism model, and on Triticum aestevium, a plant growth model. The study was comprised of three stages: (1) determine the PLA debris size distribution in composts; (2) assess the ecotoxicological effects of real-world concentrations (0% to 5%) of PLA mixed with compost on earthworm mortality and reproduction; and (3) assess the influence of compost mixed with real-world PLA concentrations on plant growth and physicochemical soil conditions. One percent of PLA debris was found in green composts, 40% of composted PLA debris measured between 1–10 mm, with a concentration of 82.8 ± 17.4 microplastics.gram-1 compost. A concentration of 1% PLA in composts resulted in significant mortality in earthworms. No significant effects of PLA mixed with composts were observed on plant growth or soil physicochemical conditions. Further studies are required in order to test the effect of this biopolymer on different earthworm and plant’ species.

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“…Unlike aquatic systems, soil is a complex organo-mineral matrix, it contains not only a soil-sand mixture, but also organic residues, soil organisms, etc., making the microplastic extraction procedures for soil much more complicated than for aquatic systems. The situation has changed since 2017, more and more new identifying and quantifying methods have been established based on heating methods, attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), micro-FT-IR imaging, and Raman spectroscopy (Beriot et al, 2021;Corradini et al, 2019a;Mintenig et al, 2017;Piehl et al, 2018;Scheurer and Bigalke, 2018b;. Using these methods, more and more field surveys for measuring the occurrence of microplastics in agricultural fields have been conducted.…”

Section: Microplastics In Agricultural Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once released into soil, those additives can pose serious threats to soil biological processes (Steinmetz et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2016). In addition, agricultural soils receive large amounts of heavy metal, pesticides, herbicides and other toxic chemicals via various routes (Beriot et al, 2021;Briassoulis et al, 2010). The interactions between different microplastics and agricultural pollutants remains largely unexplored.…”

Section: Implication and Changed Rhizosphere Bacterial Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

From plastic mulching to microplastic pollution : An effect assessment of microplastics in the soil-plant system

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Effect of plastic mulching on the accumulation and distribution of macro and micro plastics in soils of two farming systems in Northwest China 23 Effect of plastic mulching on the accumulation and distribution of macro and micro plastics in soils of two farming systems in Northwest China 25Effect of plastic mulching on the accumulation and distribution of macro and micro plastics in soils of two farming systems in Northwest China 29Effect of plastic mulching on the accumulation and distribution of macro and micro plastics in soils of two farming systems in Northwest China 31 calculated by image J, 1 pixel = 0.585/60 mm (microscope at 6.4 X Zoom). The picture of the setup for identification MPs is presented in supplementary Figure S2.5. Limitation of microplastic extraction methodOnly MPs from LDPE or MPs with density < 1 g•cm -3 were able to be extracted due to the water reagent. MPs with densities higher than 1 g•cm -3 (e.g. PVC 1.45 g•cm -3 ) were not able to be extracted (Nuelle et al., 2014). However, this method provides a validated method for estimating the presence of LDPE-MPs in the soil. Data analysisThe arcsine square root transformation was applied to the mass and number of MaPs pieces to avoid violating the underlying assumptions of normality. One-way analyses of variances (ANOVAs) were applied to compare the mass and number of MaPs pieces between different fields within the same selected region and different soil layers within the same field, followed by the application of an LSD post hoc test at the p < 0.05 level. MaPs mass (kg•ha -1 ) and number (p•ha -1 ) were presented as "means ± standard deviations". MPs that were detected in the fields were presented in raw data in the unit of p•kg -1 soil due to the highly random distribution of the particles and no statistical test was performed.

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Low density-microplastics detected in sheep faeces and soil: A case study from the intensive vegetable farming in Southeast Spain

Cited by 190 publications

References 42 publications

Sources of Light Density Microplastic Related to Two Agricultural Practices: The Use of Compost and Plastic Mulch

Sources of Light Density Microplastic Related to Two Agricultural Practices: The Use of Compost and Plastic Mulch

Is the Polylactic Acid Fiber in Green Compost a Risk for Lumbricus terrestris and Triticum aestivum?

From plastic mulching to microplastic pollution : An effect assessment of microplastics in the soil-plant system

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