Low Densities of Serotonin and Peptide YY Cells in the Colon of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

El‐Salhy, Magdy; Gundersen, Doris; Østgaard, Hege; Lomholt-Beck, B; Hatlebakk, Jan Gunnar; Hausken, Trygve

doi:10.1007/s10620-011-1948-8

Cited by 63 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The specific cell type to which this increase may be attributed remains to be determined. However, serotonin-containing cells are the major endocrine cell type in the colon and constitute approximately 88% of the total endocrine cell population as revealed by CgA (17,18). It is conceivable that the increase in colonic CgA in LC patients accounts for an increase in serotonin cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High chromogranin A cell density in the colon of patients with lymphocytic colitis

Lomholt-Beck

GUNDERSEN²

2011

Mol Med Report

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Abstract. Microscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic condition that is characterized by watery diarrhoea with normal appearance of the colonic mucosa. MC is subdivided into two distinctive entities: lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC). The etiology and pathophysiology of LC remain to be determined. The present study included 9 female patients with LC, with an average age of 34 years. Subjects (n=25) who underwent colonoscopy were used as controls. The subjects underwent colonoscopy due to gastrointestinal bleeding, where the source of bleeding was identified as haemorrhoids, or due to health concerns. The control subjects included 18 females and 7 males, with an average age of 49 years. Colonoscopy was performed in both patient and control groups, and biopsies were obtained from different segments of the colon. The biopsies were immunostained with the avidin-biotin complex method for human leucocytes CD45, collagen type III and chromogranin A (CgA). CgA was quantified by computer image analysis. The density of CgA-immunoreactive cells in patients with LC was significantly higher than that in controls. The high density of colonic CgA, a common marker for endocrine cells, indicates the possibility that colonic hormones are involved in the pathophysiology of LC. Serotonin-containing cells are the major endocrine cell type in the colon and constitute approximately 88% of the total endocrine cell population. It is likely that the increase in colonic CgA in LC patients accounts for an increase in serotonin cells. IntroductionMicroscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic condition, which is characterized by watery diarrhoea with normal appearance of the colonic mucosa. However, histopathological examinations of the colon revealed abnormal histology. This abnormality is of two distinctive types: lymphocytic colitis (LC) and collagenous colitis (CC). LC and CC exhibit colonic intraepithelial lymphocytosis, increase inflammatory cells within lamina propria and preserve crypt architecture. The incidence of LC has been reported to be 3.1/100,000 per year and the prevalence to be 14.4/100,000 (1,2).The etiology and pathophysiology of LC have yet to be determined. The symptoms of LC suggest an abnormally rapid intestinal motility and a decrease in absorption of water. The neuroendocrine system of the gut plays a significant role in regulating gut motility and absorption of water and salts (3-6). It is reasonable, therefore, to assume that the colonic endocrine cells may be affected and may be involved in the pathophysiology of this disorder.Chromogranin A (CgA) is a 68-kDa protein comprising 439 amino-acid residues, which was isolated for the first time from secretory granules of the bovine adrenal medulla (7,9). CgA is co-stored and co-released with monoamines and peptide hormones of the adrenal medulla, pituitary gland, parathyroid, thyroid C-cells, pancreatic islets, endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract and sympathetic nerves (7,8). The serum and tissue content of CgA serves as a marker for gut endocrine cell...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High chromogranin A cell density in the colon of patients with lymphocytic colitis

Lomholt-Beck

GUNDERSEN²

2011

Mol Med Report

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“…Several abnormalities in the density of gut endocrine cells have been described in both sporadic and postinfectious IBS patients (Tables 1.1 and 1.2) [55,[118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132]. It is noteworthy that the abnormalities observed are structural and not merely changes in hormone concentration.…”

Section: Abnormalities In Gut Endocrine Cells In Patients With Irritamentioning

confidence: 92%

Diet and Irritable Bowel Syndrome, with a Focus on Appetite-Regulating Gut Hormones

Gundersen¹,

Hatlebakk

Hausken

2014

Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Abdominal Obesity

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“…The endocrine cell types whose densities were low include serotonin (Fig. 5) and polypeptide (PYY) cells (113). In post-infectious IBS, however, the number of serotonin and PYY cells increased (114).…”

Section: The Neuroendocrine System (Nes) Of the Gutmentioning

confidence: 97%

The role of diet in the pathogenesis and management of irritable bowel syndrome (Review)

El‐Salhy

Østgaard

Gundersen³

et al. 2012

Int J Mol Med

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Abstract. Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) believe that diet plays a significant role in inducing IBS symptoms and desire to know what foods to avoid. It has been found that the intake of calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fat by IBS patients does not differ from that of the background population. IBS patients were found to avoid certain food items that are rich in fermentable oligo-, di-and monosacharides and polyols (FODMAPs), but they did have a high consumption of many other FODMAP-rich food items. The diet of IBS patients was found to consist of a low calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin B2 and vitamin A content. There is no consistent evidence that IBS patients suffer from food allergy, nor is there documented evidence that food intolerance plays a role in IBS symptoms. Abnormalities in gut hormones have been reported in IBS patients. As gut hormones control and regulate gastrointestinal motility and sensation, this may explain the abnormal gastrointestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity reported in these patients. Guidance concerning food management which includes individually based restrictions of FODMAP-rich food items and individual evaluation of the effects of protein-, fat-and carbohydrate-rich/poor diets may reduce IBS symptoms.

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Low Densities of Serotonin and Peptide YY Cells in the Colon of Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Cited by 63 publications

References 40 publications

High chromogranin A cell density in the colon of patients with lymphocytic colitis

High chromogranin A cell density in the colon of patients with lymphocytic colitis

Diet and Irritable Bowel Syndrome, with a Focus on Appetite-Regulating Gut Hormones

The role of diet in the pathogenesis and management of irritable bowel syndrome (Review)

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