Low cost shaped beam synthesis for semi‐smart base station antennas

Abstract

We present a low-cost shaped beam synthesis method for semi-smart base station antennas. Compared with the conventional array synthesis for smart antenna applications, the proposed circular/conformal array shaped beam synthesis for semi-smart antenna has much lower system complexity and instrumentation implementation cost. This is because only few elements are involved and the circular array factor is simplified for coarse granularity beam. Adding to this, a fast Quasi-Newton method is used by the linear/conformal array for the beam optimization. By coding the shaped beam synthesis methodology in C/C++, the shaped beam synthesis for 12-element circular array is implemented for the semi-smart Macrocell, showing its advantages of low consumed time and stable mean square errors. Furthermore, a semi-smart sectored Picocel has been designed with 4-element conformal array, which was demonstrated to be superior to the linear one by avoiding the blind angle, exhibiting better accuracy and less consumed processing time.

Features and Futures of Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications: A Technical Review

“…Smart antennas upsurges the coverage range and capacity of a wireless communication system [1,5,7,42]. The coverage range is merely the range of likely communication between mobile and base station [31]. Its capacity is quantify by the number of users that a system can support in a particular area [1,39,43].…”

“…Directional beams of smart antenna systems are normally used for steering in order to reduce the interference to the barest minimum. In wireless communication systems, one can experience interference to co-channel, provided that it is in the purview of narrow beamwidth of the smart antennas [31,44,45]. There is reduction of interference using smart antenna systems by nulls formation and by placing it in the interfering co-channel user's direction.…”

“…The process of separating signals by the application of smart antennas in wireless communication is referred as SDMA. This process lets various subscribers to operate at the same frequency and their signals are spatially separated at the base station [31,51]. The process permits various users on the same frequency and slot in a CDMA systems and identical code in the same unit cell [11,12,52].…”

“…Smart antennas can be distinctly demarcated as a method to Instantaneous Air Interface (IAI) using a Software Defined Radio (SDR). This technology uses various antennas, digital processors, and composite algorithms to adapt the transmit and receive (transceiver) signals at base station [30,31].…”

“…Smart antenna techniques is well suitable for the base stations on account of high system tricky situation and extraordinary power depletion. Therefore, smart antenna techniques have been applied to mobile stations and handsets [1,6,30,31]. It nullifies nearly all the co-channel interference consequential in improved quality of reception and lesser dropped calls [8].…”