Low-Cost Reliable Corrosion Sensors Using ZnO-PVDF Nanocomposite Textiles

Abstract

Submerged steel pipes are susceptible to corrosion due to long exposure under harsh corrosive conditions. Here, we investigated the reliability and effectiveness of nonwoven zinc(II) oxide-polyvinylidene fluoride (ZnO-PVDF) nanocomposite fiber textiles as an embedded corrosion sensor. An accelerated thermal cyclic method paired to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used for this purpose. Sensor accuracy and reliability were determined using the textile and instrument as reference electrodes. The results showed that the coating and the sensor improved the corrosion resistance when ZnO was added to the sensor textile and introduced into the coating. As the coating’s glass transition was approached, the corrosion performance of the coating degraded and the sensor accuracy decreased. The results suggested that the flexible sensor is reliable at both monitoring the corrosion and acting as a corrosion barrier.

Electrospun Fe3O4-PVDF Nanofiber Composite Mats for Cryogenic Magnetic Sensor Applications

“…For 5% Fe 3 O 4 -PVDF, the crystallinity of the fiber mats decreased by up to 55%. Previous experiments on Fe 3 O 4 -PVDF films yielded similar findings [14,27]. This may be linked to the partial inhibition effect of Fe 3 O 4 addition on polymer crystal formation, similar to inorganic fillers like Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , c-LiAlO 2 , and Sm 2 O 3 decreased the crystalline phase of PEO-based polymer electrolyte systems [28][29][30][31][32].…”

“…Cold-drawing (stretching) [11], high-pressure quenching [12], and poling (applying a high electric field) of PVDF [13] were such processes to increase β phase. Electrospinning is another optional simple one-step method for fabricating PVDF nanofibers under a high electric field which converts the α phase into the β phase [14,15]. The high voltage that is involved in this process, boosts up the β phase of the fibers [16].…”

Low-Cost Technologies Used in Corrosion Monitoring

“…Licina et al [ 61 ], Thien et al [ 62 ], Park et al [ 63 ], Yu et al [ 64 ], Thien et al [ 65 ], Abdur Rahman et al [ 66 ], Mejía-Aguilar et al [ 67 ], Azhari et al [ 68 ], Friedersdorf et al [ 69 ], Andrews et al [ 70 ], Nazir et al [ 57 ], Bansal et al [ 71 ], Li et al [ 72 ], Corva et al [ 73 ], Chowdhury et al [ 74 ], and Strachotová et al [ 75 ] all employed new technologies (such as piezoelectric materials and advanced nanocomposites) for the sensing section of their EIS-based corrosion monitoring systems in order to obtain low-cost and low-power features. For instance, Yu et al [ 64 ] used a piezoelectric wafer active sensor (PWAS) for the detection of coating thickness and the monitoring of the corrosion condition of metallic plates and pipes with a price of $US10 for each sensor.…”

Boosting Piezoelectricity by 3D Printing PVDF‐MoS2 Composite as a Conformal and High‐Sensitivity Piezoelectric Sensor

“…[13,16,[18][19][20][21] Various filler materials have been studied for enhancing piezoelectricity in PVDF in recent years, but their brittleness, low toughness, and limited piezoelectric sensitivity have hindered their further development. [2][3][4]13,17,18,22] Recent report of high piezoelectricity in 2D molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS 2 ) has received increased attention due to its unique property of high sensitivity when thinned down to a few layers from its nonpiezoelectric bulk form. [23][24][25][26][27][28] By leveraging the benefits of the DIW printing technique and the distinctive characteristics of 2D MoS 2 , we aspire to enhance the piezoelectricity in PVDF for developing high-performing sensors.…”

“…Flexible piezoelectric sensors find numerous applications in wearable electronics, healthcare, robotics, automobiles, aerospace, corrosion sensing, and structural health monitoring. [1][2][3] The remarkable properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its copolymers, including high piezoelectricity, mechanical flexibility, and durability, make them suitable for flexible and stretchable piezoelectric sensor applications. [4,5] PVDF is a semicrystalline polymer composed of repeated units of -[CF 2 -CH 2 ]-monomers, exhibiting four phases (𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾, and 𝛿) based on their chain conformations.…”