Low-Cost Radars Integrated into a Landslide Early Warning System

Costanzo, Sandra; Massa, G. Di; Costanzo, Antonio; Morrone, Luca; Raffo, Antonio; Spadafora, Francesco; Borgia, A.; Formetta, Giuseppe; Capparelli, Giovanna; Versace, Pasquale

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16528-8_2

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…x * = [x * , y * , z * ] the vector of receiver position, without taking effect of environmental noise, calculated using the vector d = [d1 * , d2 * , d3 * ] as theoretically defined in (8), (9) and (10), one can write…”

Section: The Trilateration Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

Costanzo

Loscrì

2019

Physical Communication

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Visible Light Communication (VLC) paradigm allows the reusing of existing illuminating infrastructures in order to provide data communication. VLC can be considered a promising technology also for positioning in indoor environments, due to its potentially high accuracy and low costs. However, the main obstacle to the use of VLC for localization purposes is the high level of environmental noises, mainly due to sunlight. A novel approach, for easily measuring environmental noises and compensating their effects on localization results performed by an Indoor Positioning System (IPS) based on VLC, is proposed in this work. Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) is adopted to divide the total bandwidth into a series of non-overlapping frequency sub-bands corresponding to each signal, while an estimation of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), obtained through real time Power Spectral Density measurements in the proper frequency ranges, is exploited to compensate the error in positioning due to sunlight and other wideband external optical disturbing signals. The proposed approach has been validated through experimental tests, carried out using a simple deployment of low power lamps, low cost hardware and a software defined approach. In the region under test, receiver position has been experimentally detected with higher accuracy in comparison to classical FDM approach, confirming the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed technique. In order to further validate the proposed approach, an additive measurement campaign has been successfully carried out considering a scenario characterized by very low SNR levels.

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Section: The Trilateration Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

Costanzo

Loscrì

2019

Physical Communication

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“…In recent years, several VLC prototypes and different modulation techniques have been proposed [5], [6] . In order to reduce hardware costs, an interesting approach is the software defined approach, widely used in other contexts [7], [8]. Since most of signal operations are performed via software (modulation, demodulation, filtering, etc.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Learning Approach for Robust Carrier Recovery in Heavily Noisy Visible Light Communication

Costanzo

Loscrì

2019

2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)

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Visible Light Communication (VLC) exploits optical frequencies, diffused by usual LED lamps, for adding data communication features to illuminating systems. This paradigm has attracted a growing interest in both scientific and industrial community in the latter decade. Nevertheless, classical wireless communication mechanisms for physical and Medium Access Control (MAC) layers are hardly available for VLC, due to the massive external interference caused by sunlight. A correct signal carrier recover in high noise conditions represent a significant challenge. In this work, it is shown that the synchronization frame length affects the performance of the system in terms of Bit Error Ratio (BER). Since different external conditions require different minimum preamble lengths, we considered an Artificial Intelligence (AI) approach, based on multi-arm bandit formulation, for obtaining a low impact in both BER and goodput of the communication. A low-cost hardware VLC system, implementing a learning algorithm on a Frequency Shift Keying Modulation (FSK), has been designed and tested in different environmental conditions. Experimental results show that a proper choice of preamble length overcomes, in terms of BER and goodput, the classical approach based on fixed preambles.

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“…In this context, risk assessment is extremely tricky and essential because it provides useful information for developing loss reduction strategies of which mitigation is a key component [3]. In today's debate on general civil protection, we are dealing with a program concerning Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 that requires the highest level of discipline in four specific actions: (1) understanding disaster risk; (2) strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk; (3) investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience; and (4) enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response [4,5]. To improve the landslide risk reduction and to set up early warning systems, it is essential to know better the physical and mechanical processes underlying trigger conditions and, depending on specific hazard scenario, their possible evolutionary phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Instrumented Flume for Infiltration Process Modeling, Landslide Triggering and Propagation

2019

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Rainfall is the most common cause of landslides, so it is important to know the processes underlying failure starting with the rainfall infiltration processes into the granular soils, the distribution of the water content and pore pressure in both saturated and unsaturated layers, to include their effects in terms of slope stability. Although the literature is full of simulation models, the complexity of phenomena would impose a more detailed analysis by a well-equipped flume. For that purpose, a meter-scale laboratory experiment at the University of Calabria was designed and built. It is very useful for carrying out complex tests to analyze the response of loose soils or debris in terms of stability. It is composed of two channels: the first one was adopted for analyzing the triggering mechanisms, the second one for the propagation phases. Both channels are equipped with suitable sensors for monitoring the main physical variables, i.e., spray nozzle systems to apply a specific rainfall intensity; minitensiometers and TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) for measuring, respectively, suction values and water content; miniaturized pressure transducers for pore water pressures; and laser displacement sensors. This paper describes in detail the instrumented flume and explores its potential through the analysis of a homogeneous slope of pyroclastic soil. An experiment was carried out to reproduce landslide triggering in pyroclastic soils, evolving in mudflow, by considering a homogeneous deposit. The measurements carried out allowed testing the apparatus, describing the behavior of the soil after rainfall infiltration and better identifying factors particularly significant in the collapse mechanism and process evolution.

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Low-Cost Radars Integrated into a Landslide Early Warning System

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

Error compensation in indoor positioning systems based on software defined visible light communication

A Learning Approach for Robust Carrier Recovery in Heavily Noisy Visible Light Communication

An Instrumented Flume for Infiltration Process Modeling, Landslide Triggering and Propagation

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