Low Cost Inkjet Fabrication of Glucose Electrochemical Sensors Based on Copper Oxide

Abstract

The availability of low cost, efficient and wearable glucose sensors is one of the prerequisites for the development of ubiquitous sensors networks for the efficient monitoring of diabetes epidemiology. Starting from this principle, wet metallization and low cost inkjet printing were employed in the present work to manufacture non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors. CuO nanoparticles were inkjet printed on platinum, which was electrodeposited on stainless steel. The active layer obtained in this way showed an acceptable linear range for glucose detection and a good sensitivity when used as sensor. The influence on performances of interfering species and curvature were investigated, demonstrating a negligible effect for the first and a decrease in linearity of the response and sensitivity for the latter.

An Electroactive and Self‐Assembling Bio‐Ink, based on Protein‐Stabilized Nanoclusters and Graphene, for the Manufacture of Fully Inkjet‐Printed Paper‐Based Analytical Devices

“…However, it is worth mentioning that other works on fully inkjetimprinted electrodes for glucose have been published, using PET or Kepton as substrates. [89,90]…”

Inkjet Printing and 3D Printing Strategies for Biosensing, Analytical, and Diagnostic Applications

“…Reproduced under the terms of the CC‐BY Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). [ 60 ] Copyright 2018, The Authors, published by the Electrochemical Society and IOP Science. c) SEM images (top) and schematic layout (bottom) of PLA‐G electrodes 3D printed on a substrate.…”

“…Thus, the fabrication of wearable low‐cost sensors that can rapidly detect the patient's glucose level from body fluids, for example, sweat, is now in the focus of recent developments. Bernasconi et al [ 60 ] presented a low‐cost flexible electrochemical sensor fabricated by utilizing inkjet printing technology on flexible PET and Kapton substrates. The authors utilized a commercial desktop printer to deposit copper oxide nanoparticles onto a plated Ni/Pt stainless‐steel substrate.…”

“…b) Photograph of a printed glucose sensor. Reproduced under the terms of the CC-BY Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) [60]. Copyright 2018, The Authors, published by the Electrochemical Society and IOP Science.…”

Self-formed nanocatalyst layers on Ni–Cu alloy substrates and their characteristics for electrochemical glucose oxidation

“…1) Typically, commercially available electrochemical glucose sensors utilize enzymes as electrocatalysts; however, enzymes are relatively expensive and easily deactivated by changes in the measurement environment. Some transition metal oxides, 2,3) such as CuO [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and NiO, [12][13][14][15] have been reported as low-cost non-enzymatic electrocatalysts for glucose oxidation. Although they mainly function as electrocatalysts under alkaline conditions, 2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] their superior chemical stabilities, extensive catalyst lifetimes, and versatility make them promising candidates for sensing applications.…”