Low‐cost carbon black‐loaded functional films for interlaminar toughening and in‐situ delamination monitoring of carbon fiber/epoxy composites

Liu, Hui; Qu, Peng; Yu, Sitie; Xu, Yifan; Jia, Yuxi

doi:10.1002/app.52170

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an automated system that enables real-time sensing, identification, and evaluation of structural safety and performance evolution [1]. It has found wide-ranging applications in aerospace, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, and other fields [2][3][4]. However, the current SHM systems primarily rely on rigid sensors, such as strain gauges, Fiber Bragg Gratings, and piezoelectric ceramics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-performance, sensitive, low-cost LIG/PDMS strain sensor for impact damage monitoring and localization in composite structures

Lu,

Feng,

Wang

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

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Health monitoring of composite structures in aircraft is critical, as these structures are commonly utilized in weight-sensitive areas and innovative designs that directly impact flight safety and reliability. Traditional monitoring methods have limitations in monitoring area, strain limit, and signal processing. In this paper, a multifunctional sensor has been developed using acid-treated laser-induced graphene (A-LIG) with a multi-layer three-dimensional conductive network. Compared to untreated laser-induced graphene (U-LIG), the sensitivity of A-LIG sensor is increased by 100%. Furthermore, PDMS is used to fill the pores, which improves the fatigue performance of the A-LIG sensor. To obtain clear monitoring results, a data conversion algorithm is provided to convert the electrical signal obtained by the sensor into a strain field contour cloud map. The impact test of the A-LIG/PDMS sensor on the carbon fiber panel of the aircraft wing box segment verifies the effectiveness of its strain sensing. This work introduces a novel approach to fabricating flexible sensors with improved sensitivity, extended strain range, and cost-effectiveness. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity (gauge factor, GF≈364), is low hysteresis (~53 ms), and has a wide working range (up to 47%), and a highly stable and reproducible response over multiple test cycles (>20000) with good switching response. It presents a promising and innovative direction for utilizing flexible sensors in the field of aircraft structural health monitoring.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-performance, sensitive, low-cost LIG/PDMS strain sensor for impact damage monitoring and localization in composite structures

Lu,

Feng,

Wang

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

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“…10 Delamination monitoring has been done using the in situ low-cost carbon black (CB) films for interlaminar toughening. 11 Also, laminates that combine optical translucency and damage-reporting abilities using alternating polymer and nacre-like layers have been proposed. The fluorescence color shift that results from the force activation of mechanophore molecules incorporated in the material's polymer phase was used by the composites to indicate damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rational design of a carbon black percolation network glass fibers for modeling an in situ self-reporting composite

David,

Vimal Samsingh,

Esther Florence

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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The study proposed in this manuscript is aimed at developing a novel real-time monitoring system using carbon black (CB) as the primary sensing material which is nontoxic, highly sensitive, easily synthesizable, and durable at harsh environments. The percolation network characteristics are studied in order to determine a better approach to the existing prototypal model. Varying percentages of CB such as 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% were added to a 10 wt% of surfactant solution. The solution is coated on a glass fiber (GF) strand and embedded in GF laminate to form a self-monitoring composite. A novel approach is developed where a pre-programmed setup is used to read out electrical resistance directly. The average resistance is found to be 227, 390, 589, and 842 kΩ for varying percentages of CB. 5wt% CB exhibits a higher gauge factor compared to the remaining proportions. It is characterized by studying the percolation network where many of the conductive pathways seemed to become disconnected on the application of load. The XRD characteristics confirmed the phase change in the material at (100) and (101/111) at 2θ = 24.45o and 2θ = 44.47o. A mathematical model is established using which stress in computed using the electrical resistance values obtained from the data acquisition module. This is used to continuously monitor the in situ behavior of any model subjected to external disturbances by self-reporting the data that is necessary for fault diagnosis.

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Synergetic improvement of the thermal conductivity and interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites by interleaving BN@ZnO particles

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Synergetic improvement of the thermal conductivity and interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites (CF/EP) is a challenging research job. In this work, hexagonal boron nitride coated ZnO (BN@ZnO) particles were firstly prepared by sol-gel method and BN@ZnO composite laminates were manufactured by mold pressing process. X-ray diffraction,x-ray electron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the structure, chemical components and morphology of the BN@ZnO and composite laminates. The effects of BN@ZnO on the impact strength, model II interlaminar fracture toughness (G IIC ) and thermal conductivity of composite laminates are investigated. The results show that the interlaminar fracture toughness and thermal conductivity of composite laminates are synergistically enhanced owing to the introduction of hybrid fillers with different dimensions and morphology. The thermal conductivity of the 10 wt% BN@ZnO coated composite laminates is increased by 78% and 90% at 25 and 100 C, respectively. The mechanical properties of composite laminates are enhanced. The model II interlaminar fracture toughness of 2 wt% BN@ZnO composite laminates is 15.4% higher than pure laminate. This work is of significance to realize the structural and functional integration of composite materials.

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Low‐cost carbon black‐loaded functional films for interlaminar toughening and in‐situ delamination monitoring of carbon fiber/epoxy composites

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

A high-performance, sensitive, low-cost LIG/PDMS strain sensor for impact damage monitoring and localization in composite structures

A high-performance, sensitive, low-cost LIG/PDMS strain sensor for impact damage monitoring and localization in composite structures

A rational design of a carbon black percolation network glass fibers for modeling an in situ self-reporting composite

Synergetic improvement of the thermal conductivity and interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites by interleaving BN@ZnO particles

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