Low-cost biofuel-powered autoclaving machine for use in rural health care centres

Ahmed, Yusuf Kola; Ibitoye, Morufu Olusola; Zubair, Abdul Rasak; Oladejo, Janet Mosunmola; Yahaya, S A; Abdulsalam, Saheed Olayinka; Ajibola, Ridwan Oladipupo

doi:10.1080/03091902.2020.1825847

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In addition, the issue of cost is magnified when considering the initial and operational cost of device reprocessing. For example, the initial cost of an affordable autoclave designed for LRS can be approximately US$ 85–620 or more ( 98 , 99 ) and possess an operational cost of US$ 50 per hour ( 100 ). Similarly, estimates suggest that one cycle of chemical sterilisation can cost US$ 5–10 ( 101 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a syringe extension device (Chloe SED®) for low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa: a circular economy approach

Samenjo,

Ramanathan,

Gwer

et al. 2023

Front. Med. Technol.

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Underfunded healthcare infrastructures in low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa have resulted in a lack of medical devices crucial to provide healthcare for all. A representative example of this scenario is medical devices to administer paracervical blocks during gynaecological procedures. Devices needed for this procedure are usually unavailable or expensive. Without these devices, providing paracervical blocks for women in need is impossible resulting in compromising the quality of care for women requiring gynaecological procedures such as loop electrosurgical excision, treatment of miscarriage, or incomplete abortion. In that perspective, interventions that can be integrated into the healthcare system in low-resource settings to provide women needing paracervical blocks remain urgent. Based on a context-specific approach while leveraging circular economy design principles, this research catalogues the development of a new medical device called Chloe SED® that can be used to support the provision of paracervical blocks. Chloe SED®, priced at US$ 1.5 per device when produced in polypropylene, US$ 10 in polyetheretherketone, and US$ 15 in aluminium, is attached to any 10-cc syringe in low-resource settings to provide paracervical blocks. The device is designed for durability, repairability, maintainability, upgradeability, and recyclability to address environmental sustainability issues in the healthcare domain. Achieving the design of Chloe SED® from a context-specific and circular economy approach revealed correlations between the material choice to manufacture the device, the device's initial cost, product durability and reuse cycle, reprocessing method and cost, and environmental impact. These correlations can be seen as interconnected conflicting or divergent trade-offs that need to be continually assessed to deliver a medical device that provides healthcare for all with limited environmental impact. The study findings are intended to be seen as efforts to make available medical devices to support women's access to reproductive health services.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a syringe extension device (Chloe SED®) for low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa: a circular economy approach

Samenjo,

Ramanathan,

Gwer

et al. 2023

Front. Med. Technol.

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“…The Arduino UNO (Arduino, Scarmagno, Italy) is the main part of the circuit of the system as all other components include resistor, buzzer, and others (Figure 4). Table 1 presents the justification for material selection in this study [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posture monitoring device for abnormal spine musculoskeletal detection using flex sensor

Ibitoye

Ahmed²,

Ajibola³

et al. 2022

Elektrika

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During activity of daily living involving standing, sitting or maneuvering, humans are typically susceptible to neck and shoulder strain, and other musculoskeletal conditions, severity of which may lead to posture deformity. To prevent these clinical conditions, we developed a low-cost and user-friendly posture monitor mainly built on a single flex sensor. The design was based on abnormal posture detection by a flex sensor whose signal triggers a buzzer to notify the user or care giver of these clinical conditions. Through Arduino IDE, an ATmega328 microcontroller controlled the sequence of the flex sensing to the audible alarm output. The buzzer was designed to go off automatically when the user adjusts his/her posture to normalcy. With a sensitivity of 84.6% during testing of this device, the developed posture monitoring device could be adjudged effective and suitable to monitor people's posture while sitting or standing especially in environments where menial jobs are prevalent. In these individuals, this device may prevent deformity prone diseases that may warrant surgical intervention for correction.

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“…Currently, 930 million people globally face medical expenses equalling 10% of their household income [26]. A survey of 50 sub-Saharan countries reported that currently there are 98,745 health care centres [27]. Solar energy is the only renewable energy source that can provide a truly zero carbon energy source for use in remote health care centres catering to millions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Building-Scale Space Solar Cooling System Using TRNSYS

et al. 2022

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Research into solar absorption chillers despite their environmental benefits has been limited to date to mainly larger systems whilst ignoring smaller building-scale units, which can significantly benefit from the use of optimally designed, low concentrating, non-imaging optical reflectors. A solar absorption chiller system designed to provide year-round space cooling for a typical primary health care facility in Cairo, Egypt, was designed to match local ambient, solar, and occupancy conditions, its performance simulated and then optimized to minimize auxiliary power consumption using the TRNSYS18 software, TRNOPT. Different configurations of collector types, array areas, storage sizes and collector slopes were used to determine the optimum specifications for the system components. Non-concentrating Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETCs) were compared with the same Evacuated Tube Collectors but integrated with external Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPCs) with a geometric concentration ratio of 1.5X for supplying thermal energy to the single-effect absorption chiller investigated. This paper describes a user-friendly methodology developed for the design of solar heat-powered absorption chillers for small buildings using TRNSYS18 employing the Hookes–Jeeves algorithm within the TRNOPT function. Clear steps to avoid convergence problems when using TRNSYS are articulated to make repeatability for different systems and locations more straightforward. Collector array areas were varied from 30 m2 to 160 m2 and the size of the water-based thermal storage from 1 m3 to 3 m3 to determine the configuration that can supply the maximum solar fraction of the building’s cooling requirements for the lowest lifetime cost. The optimum solar fraction for ETCs and CPCs was found to be 0.66 and 0.94, respectively. If the current air conditioning demand is met through adoption of the CPC-based solar absorption systems this can potentially save the emission of 3,966,247 tCO2 per annum.

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Low-cost biofuel-powered autoclaving machine for use in rural health care centres

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Design of a syringe extension device (Chloe SED®) for low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa: a circular economy approach

Design of a syringe extension device (Chloe SED®) for low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa: a circular economy approach

Posture monitoring device for abnormal spine musculoskeletal detection using flex sensor

Design of a Building-Scale Space Solar Cooling System Using TRNSYS

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