Low-cost biochar derived from herbal residue: characterization and application for ciprofloxacin adsorption

Abstract

Thermally carbonization biochar produced from a traditional Chinese herbal medicine waste (Astragalus mongholicus residue) was investigated for its performance in ciprofloxacin adsorption. Batch sorption experiments were conducted, and scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analyses were employed to characterize the biochar. The results demonstrated that thermal activation process improves the adsorbent characteristics. Biochar produced at 800°C had the best adsorption capacity, a better pore structure and the largest surface areas. The adsorption process fit well to a pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The adsorption isothermal model results revealed that the adsorption process of ciprofloxacin is described better by the Freundlich isotherm and the type of adsorption is a chemical process. The maximum adsorption of ciprofloxacin occurred at pH 7. The present research demonstrated that A. mongholicus biochar might be an attractive and cost-effective adsorbent with good adsorption performance for removing ciprofloxacin from water solution.

Fermentation quality of herbal tea residue and its application in fattening cattle under heat stress

“…Researchers have found that tea residues can significantly improve the soil fertility, leading to their use as organic fertilizers [ 9 ]. In addition, tea residues have been developed as a non-conventional water adsorbent to remove water pollutants like methylene blue [ 10 ], antibiotics [ 11 ], and heavy metals, such as chromium [ 12 ], cadmium [ 13 ], copper [ 14 ], lead, zinc [ 15 ], and arsenic [ 16 ] from aqueous solutions.…”

Preparation of biochar by mango peel and its adsorption characteristics of Cd(ii) in solution

“…[18][19][20][21] Due to its low cost, wide range of raw material, superior surface properties and rich functional groups, biochar can be used as a potential sorbent to remove many kinds of heavy metal pollutants like Cd, As, Pb and organic pollutants in water. [22][23][24][25] Our previous study indicated that biochar produced from wheat straw had a good adsorption capacity for Cd(II). 26 The adsorption capacity and mechanisms of heavy metal by biochar could be inuenced by the physical and chemical properties of biochar determined by original feedstock and pyrolysis temperature.…”

Engineered biochar – A sustainable solution for the removal of antibiotics from water

“…Owing to the structure of the CIP molecule, the dominated adsorption mechanism was also π-π EDA interactions. The presence of aromatic rings and electron acceptor atoms, i.e., fluorine and nitrogen, in the CIP molecule (structure shown in Table 1) is conducive to the formation of π-π EDA bonds with a BC surface rich in arene structures [135]. In relation to the adsorption of CIP and doxycycline (DOX) onto BCs produced from rice straw at various temperatures (300, 500, and 700 °C), researchers have drawn similar conclusions regarding the adsorption mechanisms (the dominance of π-π EDA bonding), and the effect of BC porosity (increasing pyrolysis temperature increases BC porosity and hence drug adsorption).…”