Low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide activate the antioxidant defense system in human sperm cells

Евдокимов, В. В.; Barinova, Kseniya; Turovetskii, V. B.; Muronetz, Vladimir I.; Schmalhausen, E.V.

doi:10.1134/s0006297915090084

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…While hydrogen peroxide is the most widely used substance to induce oxidative stress in sperm cultures in vitro [27,28], it has been shown that FeAA could act as an effective OS-promoting agent in mammalian spermatozoa [22,23,24]. The substance takes advantage on the specific characteristics of iron as a transition metal, thus, providing an appropriate environment for the Fenton and Haber-Weiss reaction [29] leading to oxidative degeneration of lipids, DNA and proteins [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicatechin Provides Antioxidant Protection to Bovine Spermatozoa Subjected to Induced Oxidative Stress

Tvrdá

Straka

Galbavy³

et al. 2019

Molecules

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Epicatechin (EPI) is a natural flavonoid with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Furthermore, the molecule exhibits powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and metal-chelating properties. In this study, we assessed the efficiency of EPI to reverse ROS-mediated alterations to the motility, viability, DNA integrity and oxidative profile of bovine spermatozoa. For the first experiment, spermatozoa were washed out of fresh semen and exposed to 12.5 μmol/L EPI, 25 μmol/L EPI, 50 μmol/L EPI and 100 μmol/L EPI in the presence of ferrous ascorbate (FeAA) during a 6 h in vitro culture. For the second experiment, the ejaculates were split into aliquots and cryopreserved with a commercial semen extender supplemented with 12.5 μmol/L EPI, 25 μmol/L EPI, 50 μmol/L EPI, 100 μmol/L EPI or containing no supplement. Sperm motility was assessed using the computer-aided sperm analysis and the cell viability was studied with the metabolic activity test. ROS production was quantified using luminometry, and DNA fragmentation was evaluated using the chromatin dispersion test. Cell lysates were prepared at the end of the culture in order to assess the concentration of protein carbonyls and malondialdehyde. Exposure to FeAA led to a significantly reduced sperm motility (p < 0.001), mitochondrial activity (p < 0.001), but increased the generation of ROS (p < 0.001), as well as oxidative damage to proteins (p < 0.001), DNA (p < 0.001) and lipids (p < 0.001). EPI supplementation, particularly at a concentration range of 50–100 μmol/L, resulted in higher preservation of the spermatozoa vitality (p < 0.001). Furthermore, 50–100 μmol/L EPI were significantly effective in the prevention of oxidative damage to sperm proteins (p < 0.001), lipids (p < 0.001) and DNA (p < 0.01 in relation to 50 μmol/L EPI; p < 0.001 with respect to 100 μmol/L EPI). In the case of the cryopreserved spermatozoa, the administration of 50–100 μmol/L EPI resulted in higher sperm motility (p < 0.001) and mitochondrial activity (p < 0.001). ROS production, the number of protein carbonyls, lipid peroxidation as well as oxidative DNA damage were found to be significantly decreased particularly in samples cryopreserved in the presence of 100 μmol/L EPI (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that EPI could behave as an effective antioxidant which may prevent oxidative insults to spermatozoa, and thus, preserve their vitality and functionality. Nevertheless, its potential to achieve higher fertilization rates in reproductive technologies needs to be validated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicatechin Provides Antioxidant Protection to Bovine Spermatozoa Subjected to Induced Oxidative Stress

Tvrdá

Straka

Galbavy³

et al. 2019

Molecules

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“…H 2 O 2 is one of the most damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) to human spermatozoa, and its impact on sperm motility has been extensively reported [28,29]. Human ejaculated spermatozoa were exposed to different concentrations of H 2 O 2 (120, 600, and 1200 µM) and motility parameters and viability were assessed after 2 h, 15 min, and 30–60 sec, respectively (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Insights on the Presence of the Unfolded Protein Response in Human Spermatozoa

Santiago

Silva

Fardilha

2019

IJMS

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The unfolded protein response (UPR) is involved in protein quality control and is activated in response to several stressors. Although in testis the UPR mechanisms are well described, their presence in spermatozoa is contentious. We aimed to investigate the presence of UPR-related proteins in human sperm and the impact of oxidative stress induction in UPR activation. To identify UPR-related proteins in human sperm, a bioinformatic approach was adopted. To explore the activation of UPR, sperm were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and motility, vitality, and the levels of UPR-related proteins were assessed. We identified 97 UPR-related proteins in human sperm and showed, for the first time, the presence of HSF1, GADD34, and phosphorylated eIF2α. Additionally, the exposure of human sperm to H2O2 resulted in a significant decrease in sperm viability and motility and an increase in the levels of HSF1, HSP90, HSP60, HSP27, and eIF2α; all proteins involved in sensing and response to unfolded proteins. This study gave us a first insight into the presence of UPR mechanisms in the male gamete. However, the belief that sperm are devoid of transcription and translation highlight the need to clarify if these pathways are activated in sperm in the same way as in somatic cells.

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“…Another study reported that incubation of sperms with low concentrations of H 2 O 2 increases the amount of glutathione (GSH) in the sperm cells. Finally, accumulation of GSH increases the GAPDS activity and consequently improves sperm motility [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As already mentioned, Vit.D3 increased OS in this study, which is contradictory to prior studies and there are two possible reasons for this phenomenon: One is that this dose of vitamin D3 does not have an antioxidant effect on sperm cells because its effect is dose dependent [24] and sperm is a sensitive cell with many polyunsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane and a small antioxidant mechanism in the cytoplasm [26]. The other possibility is that the increase in OS was small and had a positive effect on sperm cells, as one study has reported that low level of H 2 O 2 can improve sperm motility by increasing GAPDS protein activity [25] and another study has shown that middle and high concentrations of H 2 O 2 disrupt sperm motility due to a decrease in GAPDS activity [27]. Although GAPDS activity was not assessed in this study, the second possibility is more acceptable since sperm motility was in fact increased in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of vitamin D3 on the level of heat shock protein 70 and oxidative stress in human sperm: a pilot study

Moghadam

Hamidian

Mansouri

et al. 2020

Middle East Fertil Soc J

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Background: Vitamin D3 (Vit.D3) is an antioxidant that can improve sperm motility. However, the specific mechanisms of Vit.D3's effect on sperm are not yet elucidated. Since heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and oxidative stress (OS) are effective in sperm motility and it has been shown that vitamin D3 is associated with these factors, thus this pilot study evaluated the effects of Vit.D3 on HSP70 and OS levels in normal and asthenozoospermic semen samples. Results: In this study, the level of HSP70 proteins was evaluated by western blotting and immunocytochemistry in eight normal and nine asthenozoospermic samples. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA) assay and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test were used for measuring OS. The results showed that the amount of HSP70 protein was higher in the groups treated with Vit.D3 compared to the control groups. Likewise, in normal and asthenozoospermic samples, OS was increased in treatment groups, but the increase was insignificant in asthenozoospermic samples. Conclusion: According to the data, HSP70 and OS levels were increased in the sperm cells after incubation with Vit.D3; thus, vitamin D3 might improve sperm motility via these factors in vitro.

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Low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide activate the antioxidant defense system in human sperm cells

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Epicatechin Provides Antioxidant Protection to Bovine Spermatozoa Subjected to Induced Oxidative Stress

Epicatechin Provides Antioxidant Protection to Bovine Spermatozoa Subjected to Induced Oxidative Stress

First Insights on the Presence of the Unfolded Protein Response in Human Spermatozoa

Effects of vitamin D3 on the level of heat shock protein 70 and oxidative stress in human sperm: a pilot study

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