Low concentrations of glyphosate alone affect the pubertal male rat meiotic step: An in vitro study

Blondet, Antonine; Martin, Guillaume; Durand, Philippe; Marie-Hélène, Perrard

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105291

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…However, epidemiological data are not available for all health issues. It has been documented that various chronic diseases and disorders occur after people have been exposed to pesticides [117][118][119], including cancers, adverse reproductive outcomes [120], male sterility [121], peripheral neuropathies [122], neurobehavioral disorders [123], impaired immune function (Nankongnab et al, 2020) [124], and allergic sensitization reactions, particularly of the skin [125][126][127]. Moreover, most of the pesticides examined affect male reproductive systems [124][125][126][127][128], causing sperm damage [118], DNA damage [129], and abnormal sperm morphology [13].…”

Section: Chronic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an example, cumulative inhalation of cholinesterase activity as a result of long-term, low-dose exposure to organophosphorus compounds leads to chronic diseases [125]. Antonine et al [121] tested the effects of low concentrations of Glyphosate; the decrease observed in levels of Clusterin mRNAs suggested that glyphosate targets the integrity of Sertoli cells. The decrease in the numbers of germ cells from day 14 onward highlighted the chronic effect of glyphosate at 50 nm, 500 nm, or 5 µm.…”

Section: Chronic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure Routes and Health Risks Associated with Pesticide Application

Tudi

et al. 2022

Toxics

119

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Pesticides play an important role in agricultural development. However, pesticide application can result in both acute and chronic human toxicities, and the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment and human health remain a serious problem. There is therefore a need to discuss the application methods for pesticides, the routes of pesticide exposure, and the health risks posed by pesticide application. The health problems related to pesticide application and exposure in developing countries are of particular concern. The purpose of this paper is to provide scientific information for policymakers in order to allow the development of proper pesticide application technics and methods to minimize pesticide exposure and the adverse health effects on both applicators and communities. Studies indicate that there are four main pesticide application methods, including hydraulic spraying, backpack spraying, basal trunk spraying, and aerial spraying. Pesticide application methods are mainly selected by considering the habits of target pests, the characteristics of target sites, and the properties of pesticides. Humans are directly exposed to pesticides in occupational, agricultural, and household activities and are indirectly exposed to pesticides via environmental media, including air, water, soil, and food. Human exposure to pesticides occurs mainly through dermal, oral, and respiratory routes. People who are directly and/or indirectly exposed to pesticides may contract acute toxicity effects and chronic diseases. Although no segment of the general population is completely protected against exposure to pesticides and their potentially serious health effects, a disproportionate burden is shouldered by people in developing countries. Both deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessments have their advantages and disadvantages and both types of methods should be comprehensively implemented in research on exposure and human health risk assessment. Equipment for appropriate pesticide application is important for application efficiency to minimize the loss of spray solution as well as reduce pesticide residuals in the environment and adverse human health effects due to over-spraying and residues. Policymakers should implement various useful measures, such as integrated pest management (IPM) laws that prohibit the use of pesticides with high risks and the development of a national implementation plan (NIP) to reduce the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment and on human health.

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