Low-concentration detergent sclerosants stimulate white blood cells and release proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines in vitro

Cooley-Andrade, Osvaldo; Jothidas, Arunn; Goh, W.X.; Connor, David; Parsi, Kurosh

doi:10.1016/j.jvsv.2014.02.005

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It is associated with activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis once it binds to its receptor (TNF-RI), inducing caspase activation and cell death in different cells. 11 These results, as well as previous results, 10 suggest that STS at sublytic concentrations induces the activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis possibly via the stimulation of a TNF-a/TNF-RI complex. This hypothesis needs to be confirmed by blocking the TNF receptor to see if the extrinsic pathway is not activated by STS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…10 Previous studies have also demonstrated that detergent sclerosants at clinical concentrations induce endothelial lysis, 19 but, to the authors' knowledge, the effect in such cells at low concentrations to has not been studied. The effect of STS and POL at low concentrations in endothelial cells is currently being studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previously, it was demonstrated that STS but not POL at sublytic concentrations induced the release of TNF-a from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 10 TNF-a is a pleiotropic cytokine that can induce multiple cellular responses, from inflammatory activity to cell death. It is associated with activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis once it binds to its receptor (TNF-RI), inducing caspase activation and cell death in different cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detergent Sclerosants Stimulate Leukocyte Apoptosis and Oncosis

Cooley-Andrade

Goh

Connor

et al. 2016

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detergent Sclerosants Stimulate Leukocyte Apoptosis and Oncosis

Cooley-Andrade

Goh

Connor

et al. 2016

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

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“…This occurred despite the use of foam format of the sclerosants and post‐treatment compression to prevent phlebitis. Both STS and POL have been implicated in post‐sclerotherapy MIP but in an in vitro study our group reported STS to be more pro‐inflammatory than POL . Endovenous laser would not have played a role in the pathogenesis of MIP, given that it targeted the underling GSV trunk, located in its own fascial compartment with no direct exposure to the overlying skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Black veins: a case of minocycline‐induced pigmentation post‐sclerotherapy and a review of literature

Star¹,

Choy

Parsi

2016

J Cutan Pathol

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Minocycline-induced pigmentation (MIP) is an uncommon but well-described adverse effect of oral minocycline treatment. MIP is clinically and histopathologically distinct from post-sclerotherapy pigmentation. We report a case of a patient presenting with blackened skin overlying veins recently treated with endovenous laser and foam sclerotherapy. The patient was a 44-year-old male with systemic sclerosis who commenced minocycline for the treatment of rosacea 5 months prior. Histological examination of the discolored tissue and underlying vein revealed hemosiderin deposition in the dermis and pigmented macrophages within the sub-endothelial layer of the vein wall with a staining pattern consistent with MIP. Venous tissue has not previously been reported in the literature as a target of minocycline pigmentation. Our patient preferred to control his rosacea by continuing to take minocycline. Follow-up ultrasound examinations revealed the treated vessels to be fully occluded with no evidence of recanalization, residual flow or ongoing thrombophlebitis. Despite a good sclerotherapy outcome, the pigmentation did not subside over 2 years. This case demonstrates that oral minocycline may induce significant and potentially long-term pigmentation in predisposed patients undergoing sclerotherapy.

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“…Caspase 8 is an initiator of the extrinsic pathway and is necessary to activate caspase 3 [19]. We previously demonstrated that STS but not POL induce caspase 8 activation and release of TNF-a from PMNC [20]. TNF-ais associated with activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis once it binds to its receptor (TNF-RI) inducing caspase activation and cell death in different cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detergent sclerosants at sub-lytic concentrations induce endothelial cell apoptosis through a caspase dependent pathway

et al. 2016

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To investigate the apoptotic effects of detergent sclerosants sodium tetradecylsulphate (STS) and polidocanol (POL) on endothelial cells at sub-lytic concentrations. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and labelled with antibodies to assess for apoptosis and examined with confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Isolated HUVECs viability was assessed using propidium iodide staining. Early apoptosis was determined by increased phosphatidylserine exposure by lactadherin binding. Caspase 3, 8, 9 and Bax activation as well as inhibitory assays with Pan Caspase (Z-VAD-FMK) and Bax (BI-6C9) were assessed to identify apoptotic pathways. Porimin activation was used to assess cell membrane permeability. Cell lysis reached almost 100 % with STS at 0.3 % and with POL at 0.6 %. Apoptosis was seen with both STS and POL at concentrations ranging from 0.075 to 0.15 %. PS exposure increased with both STS and POL and exhibited a dose-dependent trend. Active Caspase 3, 8 and 9 but not Bax were increased in HUVECs stimulated with low concentrations of both STS and POL. Inhibitory assays demonstrated Caspase 3, 8, 9 inhibition at low concentrations (0.075 to 0.6 %) with both STS and POL. Both agents increased the activation of porimin at all concentrations. Both sclerosants induced endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis at sub-lytic concentrations through a caspase-dependant pathway. Both agents induced EC oncosis.

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Low-concentration detergent sclerosants stimulate white blood cells and release proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines in vitro

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Detergent Sclerosants Stimulate Leukocyte Apoptosis and Oncosis

Detergent Sclerosants Stimulate Leukocyte Apoptosis and Oncosis

Black veins: a case of minocycline‐induced pigmentation post‐sclerotherapy and a review of literature

Detergent sclerosants at sub-lytic concentrations induce endothelial cell apoptosis through a caspase dependent pathway

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