“…When concatenated with an outer HD decoder, the role of the inner SD decoder is simply to reduce the BER so the outer decoder can achieve a BER requirement specified by systems. It has been demonstrated in [2]- [6] that, for this role, twolevel multi level codes (MLCs) [7], [8] that encode only the least reliable bit (LRB) of a mapper input by an inner FEC code achieve better performance-complexity trade-offs than the conventional bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) [9], [10] that protects all the bit levels equally by an inner code. Recently, similar two-level coded modulation approach has been also proposed in [11], [12] for four-dimensional lattices, termed Hurwitz constellations.…”