Low Cassette Variability in Class 2 and Class 1 Integrons of <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. Isolated from Environmental Samples

Otero-Olarra, Jorge Erick; Curiel-Quesada, Everardo; Baltazar-Cruz, Jesús; Aguilera‐Arreola, Ma. Guadalupe; Pérez-Valdespino, Abigail

doi:10.1089/mdr.2019.0250

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Higher incidence of class 1 integrons, such as 31% [1], 28.3% [64], and 64.62% [6] have been reported from ornamental fish borne bacteria. However, Otero-olarra and Curiel-quesada [52] has observed moderate incidence (24%) of class 1 integrons in accordance with our observations. Out of these 35 integrase 1 positive isolates, 34 (97.1%) contained gene cassettes with sizes ranging from 250 bp-approximately 2000 bp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Aeromonas isolates recovered in this study (n = 161) belonged to eight different species confirming the considerably high diversity of aeromonads in ornamental fish and their environment, in agreement with previous studies [7,21,52]. Among our isolates, the overall prevalence of A. veronii was predominant (75.8%) while the prevalence of all other species was ≤5% except A. hydrophila (9.3%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A. hydrophila represented only 9.3% of our isolates in disagreement with some of the earlier findings that reported A. hydrophila was the most abundant isolate with prevalence of 35.3% [56], 77% [1] and 50.65% [52].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…For the species identification of Aeromonas our study used sequencing of the gyrB gene that encodes the subunit B of DNA gyrase which was the first housekeeping gene studied for phylogenetic analysis of aeromonads [34]. Partial sequencing of the gyrB gene alone [6,19] or in combination with one or several other housekeeping genes [51,52] has been used successfully in many studies to characterize Aeromonas isolates in recent years. It is documented that the gyrB gene has a higher discriminatory power to differentiate between species and therefore is a suitable target for Aeromonas speciation [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Environmental and Clinical Aeromonas Species Isolated from Fresh Water Ornamental Fish and Associated Farming Environment in Sri Lanka

Dhanapala

Kalupahana

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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The aims of this study were to characterize and investigate antimicrobial susceptibility and presence of integrons in 161 Aeromonas spp. isolated from ornamental freshwater fish farming environment, apparently healthy and diseased fish. Phylogenetic analyses of the gyrB gene sequences identified Aeromonas veronii as the most abundant species (75.8%) followed by Aeromonas hydrophila (9.3%), Aeromonas caviae (5%), Aeromonas jandaei (4.3%), Aeromonas dhakensis (3.7%), Aeromonas sobria (0.6%), Aeromonas media (0.6%), and Aeromonas popoffii (0.6%). Susceptibility to thirteen antimicrobials was determined and antimicrobial resistance frequencies were: amoxicillin (92.5%), enrofloxacin (67.1%), nalidixic acid (63.4%), erythromycin (26.1%), tetracycline (23.6%), imipenem (18%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (16.8%), and gentamicin (16.8%). Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was widespread among the isolates (51.6%, 83/161) with 51.6% (63/122) A. veronii isolates being MDR. In addition, 68.3% of isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexes higher than 0.2, suggesting that they originated from a high-risk source of contamination where antimicrobials are often used. In all, 21.7% isolates carried class 1 integrons, with 97.1% having gene cassettes, while there were 12 isolates carrying class 2 integron gene cassettes. Our findings highlight that the aquatic environment and ornamental fish act as reservoirs of multidrug resistant Aeromonas spp. and underline the need for a judicious use of antimicrobials and timely surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquaculture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Environmental and Clinical Aeromonas Species Isolated from Fresh Water Ornamental Fish and Associated Farming Environment in Sri Lanka

Dhanapala

Kalupahana

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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“…The farm prevalence of LP species in our study was below 2.3% individually. Previous reports also document the lower prevalence of LP species from fish/aquatic environments (Khor et al, 2015; Otero‐Olarra et al, 2020; Wu et al, 2019). One of the LP species, that is, A. crassostreae reported in our study was initially isolated from oysters harvested from Alfacs Bay, Spain (Figueras et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of spatio-temporal variables, host fish species and on-farm biosecurity measures on the prevalence of potentially pathogenic Aeromonas species in freshwater fish farms

Kumar

Paria

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims To determine the prevalence of Aeromonas species in freshwater fish farms, factors affecting their prevalence and virulence factors associated with each species. Methods and Results In a cross‐sectional study from 128 farms in four districts of Uttar Pradesh, India, 11 species of Aeromonas were identified by gyrB sequencing including the first report of Aeromonas crassostreae from fish. Four species of Aeromonas were more prevalent (MP) in fish farms, A. veronii bv. sobria (50.0%) was the highest, followed by A. caviae (18.8%), A. veronii bv. veronii (11.7%) and A. dhakensis (7.0%). The less prevalent (LP) species were A. hydrophila, A. media, A. jandaei, A. allosaccharophila, A. salmonicida, A. crassostreae and A. taiwanensis. Spatial variation in the prevalence of Aeromonas species was observed. Dominance of biovar sobria ranged from 33.3 to 68.6%, notably lesser in farms with on‐farm biosecurity measures. The prevalence of biovar veronii was significantly associated with pangas fish, rainy season and farms with on‐farm biosecurity measures. The prevalence of LP species was significantly higher in mrigal fish and winter season. Multiple virulence factors (>6) were detected in 70.2% of the Aeromonas species. Significant association of β‐hemolysin, DNase, slime production, act, ahh1, aexT and lip was observed with different species of Aeromonas. Moreover, 75.8% of Aeromonas species possessed one or more enterotoxins genes (act/alt/ast). Conclusion Significant association of spatio‐temporal variables, host fish species and on‐farm biosecurity measures were observed on the prevalence of some of the Aeromonas species in freshwater fish farms. Most of the Aeromonas species harboured virulence factors indicating their potential for pathogenicity. Significance and Impact of the Study This is the first study that determined the prevalence and identified the factors that affect the prevalence of Aeromonas species in freshwater fish farms. This information will be useful in managing Aeromonas infection in fish and their risks to public health.

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Virulotyping and genetic diversity of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in aquaculture farms in Egypt

et al. 2021

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Low Cassette Variability in Class 2 and Class 1 Integrons of Aeromonas spp. Isolated from Environmental Samples

Cited by 17 publications

References 57 publications

Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Environmental and Clinical Aeromonas Species Isolated from Fresh Water Ornamental Fish and Associated Farming Environment in Sri Lanka

Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Environmental and Clinical Aeromonas Species Isolated from Fresh Water Ornamental Fish and Associated Farming Environment in Sri Lanka

Effect of spatio-temporal variables, host fish species and on-farm biosecurity measures on the prevalence of potentially pathogenic Aeromonas species in freshwater fish farms

Virulotyping and genetic diversity of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in aquaculture farms in Egypt

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