Low carbon ultrasonic production of alternate fuel: Operational and mechanistic concerns of the sonochemical process of hydrogen generation under various scenarios

Kerboua, Kaouther; Hamdaoui, Oualid; Islam, Hujjatul; Alghyamah, Abdulaziz; Hansen, Henrik Erring; Pollet, Bruno G.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.05.191

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Indeed,

produced from cavitation bubbles in water under argon irradiated with 300 kHz and 12 W of ultrasound (which was a multi-bubble system) was experimentally detected by using a mass spectrometer, and the rate of

formation was 10 μM min −1 [ 134 ]. There are also other experimental reports that

produced from cavitation bubbles in water in which

, air,

, or argon were dissolved and irradiated with ultrasound was detected [ 23 , 70 , 135 , 136 , 137 ]. There have also been some numerical studies on the hydrogen production from cavitation bubbles in recent years [ 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 ].…”

Section: Results Of Numerical Simulations and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reducing Agents in Sonochemical Reactions without Any Additives

Yasui

2023

Molecules

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It has been experimentally reported that not only oxidation reactions but also reduction reactions occur in aqueous solutions under ultrasound without any additives. According to the numerical simulations of chemical reactions inside an air or argon bubble in water without any additives under ultrasound, reducing agents produced from the bubbles are H, H2, HO2 (which becomes superoxide anion (O2−) in liquid water), NO, and HNO2 (which becomes NO2− in liquid water). In addition, H2O2 sometimes works as a reducing agent. As the reduction potentials of H and H2 (in strongly alkaline solutions for H2) are higher than those of RCHOH radicals, which are usually used to reduce metal ions, H and H2 generated from cavitation bubbles are expected to reduce metal ions to produce metal nanoparticles (in strongly alkaline solutions for H2 to work). It is possible that the superoxide anion (O2−) also plays some role in the sonochemical reduction of some solutes. In strongly alkaline solutions, hydrated electrons (e−aq) formed from H atoms in liquid water may play an important role in the sonochemical reduction of solutes because the reduction potential is extremely high. The influence of ultrasonic frequency on the amount of H atoms produced from a cavitation bubble is also discussed.

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“…Indeed,

formation was 10 μM min −1 [ 134 ]. There are also other experimental reports that

produced from cavitation bubbles in water in which

, air,

Section: Results Of Numerical Simulations and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reducing Agents in Sonochemical Reactions without Any Additives

Yasui

2023

Molecules

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“…This increase is supposed to originate from the sonication, with the assumption that all the energy carried by the ultrasonic wave and implicated in acoustic cavitation phenomenon is recovered as heat [40] , [41] , [42] . Hence, the ultrasonic power transmitted to the electrolyte is evaluated through the equation [19] , [40] , [42] :

where

is the heat capacity of the electrolyte at constant pressure and

is the mass of ultrasonicated electrolyte.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The action of sonication has been mathematically modelled in terms of the chemical and physical effects. For instance, the sonochemical process of generation of free radicals [14] , [15] , degradation of organic contaminants [16] , [17] , or even production of hydrogen [18] , [19] , [20] has been elucidated through chemical mechanisms associated to the thermodynamics of the oscillation of the single acoustic cavitation bubble. The population dimension has been also integrated in the modelling of sonochemistry [21] , [22] , through the number density of bubbles [23] , [24] and their size distribution [25] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sono-electrolysis performance based on indirect continuous sonication and membraneless alkaline electrolysis: Experiment, modelling and analysis

Kerboua¹,

Merabet

2023

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…The probability of occurrence of each ambient radius in terms of number densities of bubbles is known by the resolution of the iterative algorithm. The number density related to each homogeneous sub-population is retrieved by the application of microscopic and macroscopic energy balances based on Equation (9) [57] and (10) [16,17,44], respectively. Equation (9) represents the energy balance applied on a single acoustic cavitation bubble of a radius R evolving in water under an oxygen atmosphere, within which 45 elementary chemical equations [13] are supposed to emerge, giving rise to 9 chemical species, as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phenomenon has been widely investigated for its physical [2] and chemical consequences [3]. Hundreds of experimental works dealt with the sonochemical activity [4,5] and its applications, principally in wastewater treatment [6][7][8], radical synthesis pathways [9], and hydrogen production [10]. Most of the numerical works that investigated the acoustic cavitation phenomenon were limited in scale to the single acoustic cavitation bubble [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Characterization of Acoustic Cavitation Bubbles with Respect to the Bubble Size Distribution at Equilibrium

Kerboua¹,

Hamdaoui

Alghyamah

2021

Processes

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In addition to bubble number density, bubble size distribution is an important population parameter governing the activity of acoustic cavitation bubbles. In the present paper, an iterative numerical method for equilibrium size distribution is proposed and combined to a model for bubble counting, in order to approach the number density within a population of acoustic cavitation bubbles of inhomogeneous sizing, hence the sonochemical activity of the inhomogeneous population based on discretization into homogenous groups. The composition of the inhomogeneous population is analyzed based on cavitation dynamics and shape stability at 300 kHz and 0.761 W/cm2 within the ambient radii interval ranging from 1 to 5 µm. Unstable oscillation is observed starting from a radius of 2.5 µm. Results are presented in terms of number probability, number density, and volume probability within the population of acoustic cavitation bubbles. The most probable group having an equilibrium radius of 3 µm demonstrated a probability in terms of number density of 27%. In terms of contribution to the void, the sub-population of 4 µm plays a major role with a fraction of 24%. Comparisons are also performed with the homogenous population case both in terms of number density of bubbles and sonochemical production of HO●, HO2●, and H● under an oxygen atmosphere.

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Low carbon ultrasonic production of alternate fuel: Operational and mechanistic concerns of the sonochemical process of hydrogen generation under various scenarios

Cited by 18 publications

References 70 publications

The Reducing Agents in Sonochemical Reactions without Any Additives

The Reducing Agents in Sonochemical Reactions without Any Additives

Sono-electrolysis performance based on indirect continuous sonication and membraneless alkaline electrolysis: Experiment, modelling and analysis

Numerical Characterization of Acoustic Cavitation Bubbles with Respect to the Bubble Size Distribution at Equilibrium

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