Low birthweight and acute childhood diarrhoea: evidence of their association in an urban settlement of Papua New Guinea

Bukenya, G. B.; Barnes, Tamsin S.; Nwokolo, Nneka

doi:10.1080/02724936.1991.11747528

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Adjusting for a wide range of covariates, neither PI at birth or birthlength SDS was related to diarrhoeal incidence. This agreed with a study in rural Bangladesh (11), but disagreed with one in urban Papua New Guinea (3). Using birthweight and birthlength dichotomized according to ¡2 SDS as independent variables gave the same result of no association.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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Association between size at birth, paediatric diarrhoeal incidence and postnatal growth

et al. 2001

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Association between size at birth, paediatric diarrhoeal incidence and postnatal growth. Acta Paediatr 2001; 90: 1309-1315 This study tests the hypothesis that size at birth is associated with diarrhoeal incidence from birth to 24 mo of age, and the hypothesis that diarrhoeal incidence from birth to 24 mo is associated with body size at age 24 mo. This is a longitudinal study of 1476 infants born in Lahore, Pakistan, in 1984Pakistan, in -1987. Diarrhoeal incidence was enumerated monthly. A generalized estimating equations approach with Poisson regression showed that birthlength standard deviation score (SDS) and ponderal index at birth (rate ratio = 1.01 and 1.00; each p > 0.05) were not signi cantly associated with diarrhoeal incidence. Multiple linear regression showed that diarrhoeal incidence was signi cantly associated with weight SDS and body mass index at 24 mo (regression coef cient or b = ¡0.58 and ¡1.02; each p < 0.05), but not with height SDS (b = ¡0.10; p > 0.05). The associations were mainly due to a transient effect of diarrhoea in the period 18-24 mo.Conclusion: Prevention of low birthweight is unlikely to have an impact on diarrhoeal incidence in infants. Control of diarrhoeal incidence may not improve the growth of infants in developing countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…However, the studies used different indicators for their outcome measures. Only one of them analysed diarrhoeal incidence (3), which better re ected the risk of acquiring diarrhoea (4). The others used hospitalization for diarrhoea (5)(6)(7), clinic attendance for diarrhoea (8) and prevalence (9) as outcomes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between size at birth, paediatric diarrhoeal incidence and postnatal growth

et al. 2001

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“…Birthweight also affects postnatal growth and development (Steer 2000). LBW infants have higher rates of intestinal and respiratory infections, higher rates of hospitalization, and higher mortality rates than appropriate weight infants (Victora et al 1990; Bartlett et al 1991;Bukenya et al 1991;Lira et al 1996;Ashworth 1998). Moreover, adults who were born with LBW are thought to be at increased risk of chronic diseases such as hypertension, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and stroke (Barker 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A double‐blind randomized controlled trial of antenatal mebendazole to reduce low birthweight in a hookworm‐endemic area of Peru

Larocque

Casapía

Gotuzzo

et al. 2006

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summaryobjective To assess the effect on birthweight of antenatal mebendazole plus iron vs. placebo plus iron in a highly hookworm-endemic area.methods Double-blind, randomized controlled trial set in rural and peri-urban communities in the Peruvian Amazon region. A total of 1042 second trimester pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 44 years were recruited from April to November 2003, and followed to July 2004. Women were randomly assigned to receive either mebendazole (500 mg single dose) plus iron supplements (60 mg elemental iron daily) or placebo plus iron supplements. The primary outcome was mean infant birthweight and secondary measures included proportion of low birthweight babies and maternal anaemia.results The prevalence of hookworm infection was 47.5%. There were no differences between intervention groups in mean birthweight (3104 g vs. 3090 g, P ¼ 0.629), proportion of low birthweight (<2500 g; 8.1% vs. 8.7%, P ¼ 0.755) or maternal anaemia in the third trimester [33.0% (158/479) vs. 32.3% (152/471), P ¼ 0.815]. However, the proportion of very low birthweight (<1500 g) was significantly lower in the mebendazole group [0% (0/479) vs. 1.5% (7/471),conclusions This trial provides additional evidence for the use of anthelmintics, over and above iron supplementation, within antenatal care programmes in hookworm-endemic areas. Benefits of de-worming may be higher in countries not having an antenatal iron supplementation programme or where intensity of hookworm infections is higher.

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“…Around 90% of all low birthweight infants are born in developing countries,1 mostly caused by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) rather than prematurity 45 Studies undertaken in Papua New Guinea have shown that acute diarrhoea6 and mortality from measles7 were significantly higher among low birthweight than among normal infants. Malarial infection during pregnancy is an important, and potentially preventable, environmental cause of low birthweight.…”

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confidence: 99%

Causes of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation in a malaria endemic region of Papua New Guinea

Allen

Raiko

O’Donnell

et al. 1998

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition

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Aim-To identify causes of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in a malaria endemic region of Papua New Guinea. Methods-Independent predictors of preterm delivery and birthweight in term infants were identified using multiple regression analysis in a prospective study of 987 singleton live births delivered in Madang Hospital. Results-Overall, Plasmodiumfalciparum infection of the placenta was associated with a reduction in birthweight of 130 g. Malaria was significantly more common in primigravidae than multigravidae and probably contributed to both preterm delivery and IUGR. Maternal haemoglobin concentrations were significantly lower in malaria infected than noninfected women and reduced haemoglobin was the main determinant of preterm delivery. Poorer maternal nutritional status and smoking were associated with both prematurity and IUGR. Greater antenatal clinic attendance predicted increased birthweight in term infants. Conclusions-Protection against malaria during pregnancy, especially in primigravidae, improved nutrition in women and discouragement of smoking would probably reduce both preterm delivery and IUGR. Greater use of existing antenatal clinics might increase birthweight in term infants. (Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1998;79:F135-F140)

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Low birthweight and acute childhood diarrhoea: evidence of their association in an urban settlement of Papua New Guinea

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Association between size at birth, paediatric diarrhoeal incidence and postnatal growth

Association between size at birth, paediatric diarrhoeal incidence and postnatal growth

A double‐blind randomized controlled trial of antenatal mebendazole to reduce low birthweight in a hookworm‐endemic area of Peru

Causes of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth retardation in a malaria endemic region of Papua New Guinea

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