Low birth weight, preterm birth and small for gestational age
                        association with adult depression: systematic review and
                        meta-analysis

Mola, Christian Loret de; França, Giovanny Vinícius Araújo de; Quevedo, Luciana de Ávila; Horta, Bernardo Lessa

doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.113.139014

Cited by 84 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Our study did not reveal obvious predictors for the prevalence of depressive symptoms. In line with previous studies (Costello, ; de Mola, ), we found some signs of higher birth weight being associated with fewer depressive symptoms in adolescence. This may highlight the importance of intrauterine growth on later mental health.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Depressive symptoms are common among rural Malawian adolescents

Teivaanmäki

Cheung

Maleta

et al. 2018

Child

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Background Depressive conditions cause about 25 million disability adjusted life years in low‐income countries annually. The incidence of depression rises after puberty, and the young age distribution in these countries may cause a high burden of adolescent depression. We aimed to assess the prevalence of reported depressive symptoms among rural adolescents in Malawi. Additionally, we assessed the association between birth weight, childhood growth, gender, and pubertal maturity and depressive symptoms. Methods We followed 767 children from the foetal period until 15‐years‐of‐age. We used the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) to examine reported depressive symptoms at 15 years. The questionnaire was translated to local language and then back‐translated until inaccuracies were not detected. Anthropometry was conducted at 1, 24, 120, and 180 months of age. We performed regression models with imputed data to assess associations between the independent variables and depressive symptoms. As a sensitivity analysis, we ran the same regression models with participants with no missing data. Results A total of 523 participants were seen at 15 years. The mean SMFQ score was 15 with 90% (95%CI 87–92%) of the participants scoring ≥11 points, the traditional cut‐off for screening for depression. Birth weight, growth, gender, and pubertal maturity were not associated with the SMFQ score in the primary imputed analyses. In the sensitivity analysis, birth weight was associated with the SMFQ score in all models. Conclusions The prevalence of reported depressive symptoms was high among the studied population. It is uncertain how well the traditional cut‐off of 11 points identifies children with clinically significant depressive symptoms in our sample. Our data do not support a hypothesis of an association between growth, gender, or pubertal maturity and depressive symptoms. Nevertheless, our results highlight the importance of the awareness of mental health problems in low‐income countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…There may also be some characteristics in depression morbidity in low‐income countries that differ from those in the West. Most of the evidence of the association between early growth and depression comes from developed countries (Costello, , de Mola, ). It was not possible to investigate these potential differences in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive symptoms are common among rural Malawian adolescents

Teivaanmäki

Cheung

Maleta

et al. 2018

Child

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“…Eight systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published since the preterm behavioral phenotype was proposed in 2011 (8,12,17,20,(65)(66)(67)(68), each of which synthesizes the findings of between 6 and 74 studies, often with a single-outcome focus. However, they offer limited information on the nature of the phenotype.…”

Section: Gaps In the Preterm Behavioral Phenotypementioning

confidence: 99%

What Do We Know About the Preterm Behavioral Phenotype? A Narrative Review

2020

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Preterm birth is associated with a significantly increased risk for childhood and adolescent psychopathology relative to full-term birth, with an inverse relationship between gestational age at birth and later risk for psychopathology. The manifestation of symptomatology and comorbidity profiles of emotional and behavioral adjustment problems in this high-risk group have been shown to be distinct from the broader pediatric population. Acknowledging these differences, a preterm behavioral phenotype has been proposed and increasingly recognized, highlighting the unique, frequent cooccurrence of symptomatology associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and anxiety disorders. The current state-of-the-art review provides a comprehensive characterization of this phenotype to date and further highlights key knowledge gaps primarily regarding the evolution of symptoms, cooccurrence of disorders and/or symptomatology within the phenotype, and associations of the phenotype with chronological age and degree of prematurity.

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“…In 2013, preterm birth was the leading cause of both neonatal mortality (35% of 2.8 million deaths) and child mortality (17% of 6.3 million deaths) worldwide. Neonates born preterm are at increased risk of both short‐term complications, attributed to immaturity of multiple organ systems, and long‐term adverse health outcomes, such as neurodevelopmental disabilities, behavioral problems, childhood asthma, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and depression, in adult life. In addition, preterm birth is associated with a substantial economic cost and adverse psychosocial and emotional effects on families.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal progesterone decreases preterm birth ≤ 34 weeks of gestation in women with a singleton pregnancy and a short cervix: an updated meta‐analysis including data from the OPPTIMUM study

Romero

Nicolaides

Conde-Agudelo

et al. 2016

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol

212

159

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of vaginal progesterone administration for preventing preterm birth and perinatal morbidity and mortality in asymptomatic women with a singleton gestation and a mid‐trimester sonographic cervical length (CL) ≤ 25 mm.MethodsThis was an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the use of vaginal progesterone to placebo/no treatment in women with a singleton gestation and a mid‐trimester sonographic CL ≤ 25 mm. Electronic databases, from their inception to May 2016, bibliographies and conference proceedings were searched. The primary outcome measure was preterm birth ≤ 34 weeks of gestation or fetal death. Two reviewers independently selected studies, assessed the risk of bias and extracted the data. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.ResultsFive trials involving 974 women were included. A meta‐analysis, including data from the OPPTIMUM study, showed that vaginal progesterone significantly decreased the risk of preterm birth ≤ 34 weeks of gestation or fetal death compared to placebo (18.1% vs 27.5%; RR, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.52–0.83); P = 0.0005; five studies; 974 women). Meta‐analyses of data from four trials (723 women) showed that vaginal progesterone administration was associated with a statistically significant reduction in the risk of preterm birth occurring at < 28 to < 36 gestational weeks (RRs from 0.51 to 0.79), respiratory distress syndrome (RR, 0.47 (95% CI, 0.27–0.81)), composite neonatal morbidity and mortality (RR, 0.59 (95% CI, 0.38–0.91)), birth weight < 1500 g (RR, 0.52 (95% CI, 0.34–0.81)) and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (RR, 0.67 (95% CI, 0.50–0.91)). There were no significant differences in neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age between the vaginal progesterone and placebo groups.ConclusionThis updated systematic review and meta‐analysis reaffirms that vaginal progesterone reduces the risk of preterm birth and neonatal morbidity and mortality in women with a singleton gestation and a mid‐trimester CL ≤ 25 mm, without any deleterious effects on neurodevelopmental outcome. Clinicians should continue to perform universal transvaginal CL screening at 18–24 weeks of gestation in women with a singleton gestation and to offer vaginal progesterone to those with a CL ≤ 25 mm. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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Low birth weight, preterm birth and small for gestational age association with adult depression: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 84 publications

References 70 publications

Depressive symptoms are common among rural Malawian adolescents

Depressive symptoms are common among rural Malawian adolescents

What Do We Know About the Preterm Behavioral Phenotype? A Narrative Review

Vaginal progesterone decreases preterm birth ≤ 34 weeks of gestation in women with a singleton pregnancy and a short cervix: an updated meta‐analysis including data from the OPPTIMUM study

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