Low-angle detachment origin for the Red Sea Rift System?

Voggenreiter, W.; Hötzl, H.; Mechie, J.

doi:10.1016/0040-1951(88)90295-8

Cited by 74 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This possibility has also been suggested for the Gulf of Aden eastern margin (Leroy et al 2004;d'Acremont et al 2005;Leroy et al 2010b;Watremez et al 2010;Lucazeau et al 2010). However, the evidence for a wide belt of exhumed mantle below the Neogene sediments in the Red Sea, as proposed by some authors (Voggenreiter et al 1988;Bohannon 1989;Voggenreiter & Hotzl 1989) is scanty. The only indication of exhumed mantle rocks in the central Red Sea has been found on the small Zabargad island, which is formed by relatively fresh peridotites associated with basement rocks and small patches of Neogene sediments (Bonatti et al 1986).…”

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confidence: 71%

“…There is also some dispute whether the plate separation mechanism is related to pure shear forming symmetric basins (Lowell & Genik 1972;Cochran 1983) or to simple lithospheric shear model resulting in asymmetric conjugate margins (Wernicke 1985, Lister et al 1986Voggenreiter et al 1988). In addition, some recent studies have proposed the occurrence of exhumed mantle between the rift basin and the first oceanic crust, based on observations of outcropping rocks in the Alpine basins and the results of DSDP boreholes in Iberia and " " Newfoundland (Beslier et al 1996;Withmarsch et al 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea–Gulf of Aden conjugate margins

Mohriak

Leroy

2012

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To cite this version:Webster Ueipass Mohriak, Sylvie Leroy. Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea-Gulf of Aden conjugate margins. Special Publication -Geological Society of London, 2012, 369, pp.1-40. <10.1144/SP369.17>. !" " " ARCHITECTURE OF RIFTED CONTINENTAL MARGINS AND BREAKUP EVOLUTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE SOUTH ATLANTIC, NORTH ATLANTIC AND RED SEA -GULF OF ADEN CONJUGATE MARGINS

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confidence: 71%

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confidence: 99%

Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea–Gulf of Aden conjugate margins

Mohriak

Leroy

2012

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“…However, they obtained five whole-rock dates from gabbros, granophyres, and a hornfels that range in age from 24.3 ± 1.0 to 20.0 ± 2.0 Ma. Voggenreiter et al (1988) and Voggenreiter and Hötzl (1989) reported that ten K-Ar dates had been obtained from dikes of the Jizan area with ages of 26-18 Ma, but to our knowledge the details of these analyses were not published. It is not clear if any of these dates were from the actual sheeted dike complex.…”

Section: Saudi Arabian Red Sea Margin Dikes and Mafic Igneous Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early magmatism in the greater Red Sea rift: timing and significance

Bosworth¹,

Stöckli

2016

Can. J. Earth Sci.

100

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Throughout the greater Red Sea rift system the initial late Cenozoic syn-rift strata and extensional faulting are closely associated with alkali basaltic volcanism. Older stratigraphic units are either pre-rift or deposited during pre-rupture mechanical weakening of the lithosphere. The East African superplume appeared in northeast Africa ϳ46 Ma but was not accompanied by any significant extensional faulting. Continental rifting began in the eastern and central Gulf of Aden at ϳ31-30 Ma coeval with the onset of continental flood volcanism in northern Ethiopia, Eritrea, and western Yemen. Volcanism appeared soon after at Derudeb in southern Sudan and at Harrats Hadan and As Sirat in Saudi Arabia. From ϳ26.5 to 25 Ma a new phase of volcanism began with the intrusion of a dike field reaching southeast of Afar into the Ogaden. At 24-23 Ma dikes were emplaced nearly simultaneously north of Afar and reached over 2000 km into northern Egypt. The dike event linked Afar to the smaller Cairo mini-plume and corresponds to initiation of lithospheric extension and rupture in the central and northern Red Sea and Gulf of Suez. By ϳ21 Ma the dike intrusions along the entire length of the Red Sea were completed. Each episodic enlargement of the greater Red Sea rift system was triggered and facilitated by breakthrough of mantle-derived plumes. However, the absence of any volumetrically significant rift-related volcanism during the main phase of Miocene central and northern Red Sea -Gulf of Suez rifting supports the interpretation that plate-boundary forces likely drove overall separation of Arabia from Africa.Résumé : Dans l'ensemble du grand système du rift de la mer Rouge, les strates initiales syn-rifting et l'extension par failles d'âge cénozoïque tardif sont étroitement associées à un volcanisme basaltique alcalin. Les unités stratigraphiques plus anciennes précèdent la formation du rift ou ont été déposées durant l'affaiblissement mécanique de la lithosphère qui a précédé la rupture. Le superpanache est-africain est apparu dans le nord-est de l'Afrique à ϳ46 Ma, mais n'était pas accompagné d'une importante déformation par failles. Le rifting continental a commencé dans l'est et le centre du golfe d'Aden à ϳ31-30 Ma, en même temps que le début du volcanisme continental de plateau dans le nord de l'Éthiopie, en Érythrée et dans l'ouest du Yémen. Le volcanisme est apparu peu après à Derudeb, dans le sud du Soudan, et aux Harrats Hadan et As Sirat, en Arabie saoudite. À partir de ϳ26,5-25 Ma, une nouvelle phase de volcanisme a débuté avec l'intrusion d'un essaim de dykes allant du sud-est d'Afar jusque dans l'Ogaden. À 24-23 Ma, des dykes ont été mis en place presque simultanément au nord d'Afar et s'étalant sur plus de 2000 km jusque dans le nord de l'Égypte. L'intrusion de dykes a relié Afar au mini-panache plus petit du Caire et correspond au début de la distension et de la rupture lithosphériques dans le centre et le nord de la mer Rouge et le golfe de Suez. À ϳ21 Ma, l'intrusion de dykes sur toute la longueur de ...

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“…There is no evidence that crustal thickness varies greatly with spreading rate [Chen, 1992] The interaction of mantle plumes with continental crust appears to be rather complicated, and a regular pattern of crustal thickening or thinning is not observed. Plume interaction with continental crust is probably most profound in the Afar Triangle, Red Sea, and East African Rift system where substantial crustal thinning is observed [Voggenreiter et al, 1988;Mechie et al, 1994]. The thin crust of the Afar Triangle is most probably due to extension associated with the rifting process in the Red Sea rather than solely due to plume interaction.…”

Section: Crystalline Oceanic Crustmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRUST 5.1: A global crustal model at 5° × 5°

Mooney¹,

Laske²,

Masters³

1998

J. Geophys. Res.

977

688

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Abstract. We present a new global model for the Earth's crust based on seismic refraction data published in the period 1948-1995 and a detailed compilation of ice and sediment thickness. An extensive compilation of seismic refraction measurements has been used to determine the crustal structure on continents and their margins. Oceanic crust is modeled with both a standard model for normal oceanic crust, and variants for nonstandard regions, such as oceanic plateaus. Our model (CRUST 5.1) consists of 2592 5 ø x 5 ø tiles in which the crust and uppermost mantle are described by eight layers: (1) ice, (2) water, (3) soft sediments, (4) hard sediments, (5) crystalline upper, (6) middle, (7) lower crust, and (8) uppermost mantle. Topography and bathymetry are adopted from a standard database (ETOPO-5). Compressional wave velocity in each layer is based on field measurements, and shear wave velocity and density are estimated using recently published empirical Vp-V s and Vp-density relationships. The crustal model differs from previous models in that (1) the thickness and seismic/density structure of sedimentary basins is accounted for more completely, (2) the velocity structure of unmeasured regions is estimated using statistical averages that are based on a significantly larger database of crustal structure, (3) the compressional wave, shear wave, and density structure have been explicitly specified using newly available constraints from field and laboratory studies. Thus this global crustal model is based on substantially more data than previous models and differs from them in many important respects. A new map of the thickness of the Earth's crust is presented, and we illustrate the application of this model by using it to provide the crustal correction for surface wave phase velocity maps. Love waves at 40 s are dominantly sensitive to crustal structure, and there is a very close correspondence between observed phase velocities at this period and those predicted by CRUST 5.1. We find that the application of crustal corrections to long-period (167 s) Rayleigh waves significantly increases the variance in the phase velocity maps and strengthens the upper mantle velocity anomalies beneath stable continental regions. A simple calculation of crustal isostacy indicates significant lateral variations in upper mantle density. The model CRUST 5.! provides a complete description of the physical properties of the Earth's crust at a scale of 5 ø x 5 ø and can be used for a wide range of seismological and nonseismological problems. IntroductionThere are numerous applications for a global model of the seismic velocity and density structure of the Earth's crest and uppermost mantle. In the field of seismology, such a model provides regional travel times for locating earthquakes. Obviously, a good crustal model is the key ingredient to successfully monitoring regional-scale seismicity. Most mantle seismic tomographic methods use data sets which are quite sensitive to crustal structure but, at the same time, cannot resolve details...

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Low-angle detachment origin for the Red Sea Rift System?

Cited by 74 publications

References 41 publications

Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea–Gulf of Aden conjugate margins

Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea–Gulf of Aden conjugate margins

Early magmatism in the greater Red Sea rift: timing and significance

CRUST 5.1: A global crustal model at 5° × 5°

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