This paper discusses how media theory and history should approach specimens of evidence about the cultural reception of media pertaining to the realms of the fantastic, such as speculations, predictions, dreams, and other forms of fantasy regarding media. It argues that the role of the imaginary in the history of media can be fully comprehended only by employing a perspective which is dynamic in time. In different phases of a medium's evolution, in fact, we find different fantasies; it follows that we need specific approaches to study them. The article discusses fantasies which are specific to three stages in media change: those preceding the actual invention of a medium; those accompanying the earliest period after the introduction of a new medium; and those connected to old media.
Media ChangeStudying the way a technology is perceived within the public sphere means considering a broad range of elements, including popular fears and enthusiasms for innovation and progress, as well as political, economic, cultural, and social issues. While many of these aspects might appear relatively straightforward, there is a class of evidence about the reception of media which are particularly complicated to deal with: that of evidence which pertains to the realms of the fantastic, such as speculations, imaginary narratives, predictions, and other forms of fantasies regarding media technologies. Media scholars are often tempted to regard them as irrelevant to historical analysis. However, as Carolyn Marvin noted in her now classic work When Old