“…Polyketides exhibit a wide range of bioactivities such as antibacterial (e.g., tetracycline), antifungal (e.g., amphotericin B), anticancer (e.g., doxorubicin), antiviral (e.g., balticolid), immune-suppressing (e.g., rapamycin), anti-cholesterol (e.g., lovastatin), and anti-inflammatory activity (e.g., flavonoids) [3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Some organisms can produce polyketides such as bacteria (e.g., tetracycline from Streptomyces aureofaciens ) [10], fungi (e.g., lovastatin from Phomopsis vexans ) [11], plants (e.g., emodin from Rheum palmatum ) [12], protists (e.g., maitotoxin-1 from Gambierdiscus australes ) [13], insects (e.g., stegobinone from Stegobium paniceum ) [14], and mollusks (e.g., elysione from Elysia viridis ) [15]. These organisms could use the polyketides they produce as protective compounds and for pheromonal communication in the case for insects.…”