Louse-Flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) of Birds from South Africa: Prevalence and Diversity

Sychra, Oldřich; Halajian, Ali; Engelbrecht, Derek; Symes, Craig T.; Oschadleus, H Dieter; Swardt, Dawid H de; Papoušek, Ivo

doi:10.4001/003.028.0249

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…As seen in previous studies, host species appears to play a large role with louse flies, e.g. Sychra et al (2020) . Seasonality is important, from multi-month periods ( Lehikoinen et al, 2021 ) and even across the short months of fall migration as seen here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…However, their 2004 results are very similar to our overall 12.5% prevalence. Similarly, Sychra et al (2020) found 20.8% prevalence on Accipitriformes. It does appear that raptors are more prone to louse flies than are other orders of birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Pied Flycatcher ( Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas)) nests from Fennoscandia had also high prevalence with 59% having Ornithomya chloropus Bergroth and 20% with O. avicularia ( Eeva et al, 2015 ). While birds caught during migration appear to have lower prevalence than at other times of the year, varying from 1 to 7% ( Lehikoinen et al, 2021 ; Liébana et al, 2011 ; Meiβner et al, 2020 ; Sychra et al, 2020 ). One exception was a study done across 84 species of bird in Algonquin Park, Canada, which found an overall prevalence of 16% ( Bennett, 1961 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, I. americana does have a preference for Accipitridae and Strigidae, among others ( Bequaert, 1955 ; Bennett, 1961 ; Maa, 1969d ). The genus Icosta was also dominant on raptors in South Africa, but represented by different species ( Sychra et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most large and detailed studies date from the 1950s and 1960s, with the work of Bequaert (1952 , 1953 , 1954 , 1955 , 1956) and Maa (1963 , 1964 , 1965 , 1965 , 1969a , 1969b , 1969c , 1969d , 1969e ). There has been a recent surge of research investigating host specificity ( Lehikoinen et al, 2021 ), microbiomes ( McCabe et al, 2020 ) and their prevalence ( Meiβner et al, 2020 ; Sychra et al, 2020 ). However, these recent studies are often limited to one host in a specific region; e.g., Osprey ( Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus)) from Baja California, Mexico ( Rodríguez-Estrella and Rivera-Rodríguez, 2019 ); Great Horned Owls ( Bubo virginianus (Gmelin)) from Baja California, Mexico ( Bolaños-García et al, 2018 ); Eleonora's falcon ( Falco eleonorae Gene) from Canary Islands ( Gangoso et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Louse fly (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) associations with raptors in southern Canada, with new North American and European records

Lévesque-Beaudin

Sinclair

2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Louse flies (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) are ectoparasites often found on birds. As they spend most of their life on their host, they are not often collected or studied. Hence, little is known about their species richness and prevalence on raptors in Canada. In this study, louse flies were collected from 184 out of 1467 raptors examined during the 2020 fall migration in southern Ontario, Canada, giving an overall prevalence of 12.5%. In total, 256 louse fly specimens were collected (mean intensity = 1.41) representing four species (identified morphologically, with support of DNA barcoding): Icosta americana (91.9%), Ornithomya anchineuria (0.3%), O. avicularia (7.3%) and O. bequaerti (0.3%). Mite clusters were found on 42% of O. avicularia . This study also presents the first North American record for O. avicularia and the presence of O. bequaerti in Europe was confirmed for the first time. Based on the different parameters recorded during banding, it appears that the host species and the month play a part in the presence of louse flies on the host. Further study of louse flies is needed to better understand their prevalence across different bird groups and geographic distribution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Louse fly (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) associations with raptors in southern Canada, with new North American and European records

Lévesque-Beaudin

Sinclair

2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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First report of the morphological and molecular characterization of Pseudolynchia canariensis (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) from Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia

Gharsan,

Alghamdi

2024

Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports

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Haemoproteus jenniae (Haemoproteidae, Haemosporida) infects gulls (Larus spp.) in South Africa, with redescription of Haemoproteus skuae

et al. 2023

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Haemoproteus spp. are dipteran-borne protozoa that infect erythrocytes and reticuloendothelial cells of birds. These parasites are not usually transmitted between birds belonging to different orders. The suborder Lari (order Charadriiformes) comprises c. 170 avian species, the majority of which are aquatic, including gulls, terns, auklets, murres, and skuas, among others. In spite of the diversity of this avian group, there is limited known diversity of haemosporidian parasites, with only four recorded Haemoproteus morphospecies thus far. We examined the blood smears of 21 kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus) captured at a breeding colony in South Africa, as well as Haemoproteus-positive archival blood smears of 15 kelp gulls and one Hartlaub's gull (Larus hartlaubii) sampled while under care at seabird rehabilitation facilities in South Africa. Haemoproteus sp. infection was detected in 19% of wild-caught kelp gulls. All parasites from gulls were morphologically identified as Haemoproteus jenniae, a species previously recorded in Lari birds at the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), Rocas Atoll (Brazil), and Poland. Gene sequencing uncovered a new cytb lineage, LARDOM01, which was closely related to the previously reported H. jenniae lineage CREFUR01. Additionally, we evaluated a hapantotype blood smear of Haemoproteus skuae, which had been described infecting a brown skua (Catharcta antarctica) in South Africa. We provide a redescription of H. skuae and discuss the morphological characters distinguishing it from H. jenniae. Further research is necessary to improve our knowledge about the host and geographic distribution, health effects, and phylogeny of H. jenniae and H. skuae.

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Louse-Flies (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) of Birds from South Africa: Prevalence and Diversity

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Louse fly (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) associations with raptors in southern Canada, with new North American and European records

Louse fly (Diptera, Hippoboscidae) associations with raptors in southern Canada, with new North American and European records

First report of the morphological and molecular characterization of Pseudolynchia canariensis (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) from Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia

Haemoproteus jenniae (Haemoproteidae, Haemosporida) infects gulls (Larus spp.) in South Africa, with redescription of Haemoproteus skuae

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