TRANSFORMATIONAL CHANGESTEPHANIE BROWN AND WILLIAM R. MILLER Change has been the subject of research and debate for many years, with questions encompassing the kinds, properties, processes, and causes of change. Psychologists have usually studied small incremental changes, like the successive approximations of a learning curve. Sometimes, however, human change happens on a grander scale, altering not only behavior but also the individual's fundamental identity or personality. Transformation is change that is radical in scope, whether it occurs suddenly or gradually.The potential for transformation of self, usually but not always in a positive direction, is central to a Judeo-Christian understanding of human nature. Vibrant examples of sudden, mystical, permanent, and radical change are found in both Jewish (Moses) and Christian scriptures (Paul). In religious contexts, such transformational change is often termed conversion (although the same term is sometimes used to describe a shift in religious or denominational affiliation). Transformational change occurs, however, both within and outside religious contexts, with similar characteristics (Miller & C'de Baca, 2001). Conversion experiences fascinated early psychologists, including William James (1902) and G.