Losses of chromosomes 1p and 19q are rare in pediatric oligodendrogliomas

Kreiger, Portia A.; Okada, Yoshifumi; Simon, Scott L.; Rorke, Lucy B.; Louis, David N.; Golden, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1007/s00401-004-0976-2

Cited by 103 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although histologically identical, WHO grade II diffuse gliomas developing in childhood usually do not show this alteration [14,27]. Due to the low incidence of LGGs in children, it is hard to evaluate influence of this genetic abnormality on survival.…”

Section: The Frequency Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original article Loss of genetic material within 1p and 19q chromosomal arms in low grade gliomas of central nervous system

Ręcławowicz

Stempniewicz²,

Biernat³

et al. 2013

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Loss of genetic material within 1p and 19q chromosomal arms in low grade gliomas of central nervous system D Da an ni ie el l R Rę ęc cł ła aw wo ow wi ic cz z 1 1 , , M Mi ir ro os sł ła aw w S St te em mp pn ni ie ew wi ic cz z 1 1 , , W Wo oj jc ci ie ec ch h B Bi ie er rn na at t 2 2 , , J Ja an nu us sz z L Li im mo on n 3 3 , , P Pa aw we eł ł S Sł ło on ni ie ew ws sk ki i IntroductionThe definition of low grade glioma encompasses three types of WHO grade II tumours including: diffuse astrocytoma (DA), oligodendroglioma (OD), and mixed glioma -oligoastrocytoma (OA). They constitute up to 30% of all glial tumours of the central nervous system. Distinguishing between these three types may be challenging due to both subjectivity of pathologists' judgment and lack of reliable objective markers confirming the diagnosis. The WHO classification does not pro vide the exact cut-off values of the oligodendroglial Folia Neuropathologica 2013; 51/1 27 and astrocytic component between three aforementioned types of tumours. Thus, discrepancy among pathologists exists, some use a 50% threshold level for the oligodendroglial component in making the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma [31], whereas others use a 10% cut-off [15].Recent publications suggest that deletion of chromosomal arm 1p/19q may play such an indicative role in the diagnosis of low grade gliomas (LGG) [1,11].LGGs demonstrate a broad range of genetic disturbances. One of the frequent alterations is simultaneous deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1 and the long arm of chromosome 19 [9]. Although chromosome 19q deletion used to be regarded a feature of both oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas, further studies have shown its predominance in the former group [28]. Both deletions of 1p/19q frequently occur together and are seldom found as a separate alteration [4,19,24]. It is estimated that frequency of concurrent 1p and 19q deletion approaches 70-80% in oligodendrogliomas, 30-50% in mixed gliomas and only 7-15% in astrocytomas [4,19,24]. The deletion of 1p/19q is referred to as the most common genetic abnormality observed in oligodendrogliomas. Therefore, 1p/19q deletion seems to be a reliable signature of this neoplasm.In addition, the deletion of 1p/19q is additionally a predictive factor in OD. Cairncross et al. demonstrated that 1p deletion is a marker of the tumour che mosensitivity to procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine scheme (PCV) and concurrent 1p/19q deletion is a positive factor for a longer time to progression in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas [7]. Additionally, the use of multivariate statistics showed that survival in patients with 1p/19q loss is statistically longer than in patients without this alteration. These results were confirmed by retrospective analyses based on clinical studies EORTC 26951 and RTOG 9402. Both proved that presence of co-deletion correlates with the extended time to progression and time do death in grade III [3,6] and grade II gliomas [12]. Moreover, the latter study disclosed beneficial response to chemotherapy in...

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Section: The Frequency Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original article Loss of genetic material within 1p and 19q chromosomal arms in low grade gliomas of central nervous system

Ręcławowicz

Stempniewicz²,

Biernat³

et al. 2013

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“…Microsatellite instability is used as a surrogate marker for defects in MMR genes and has been found to be markedly more common in paediatric HGGs while being rarely exhibited in adult tumours [118]. Paediatric oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas are uncommon and their genetics has not been characterised extensively; however, 1p/19q loss is rarely seen [119].…”

Section: Paediatric Gliomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology, genetics and imaging of glial cell tumours

Walker¹,

Baborie²,

Crooks³

et al. 2011

BJR

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ABSTRACT. Despite advances in therapy, gliomas remain associated with poor prognosis. Clinical advances will be achieved through molecularly targeted biological therapies, for which knowledge of molecular genetic and gene expression characteristics in relation to histopathology and in vivo imaging are essential. Recent research supports the molecular classification of gliomas based on genetic alterations or gene expression profiles, and imaging data supports the concept that molecular subtypes of glioma may be distinguished through non-invasive anatomical, physiological and metabolic imaging techniques, suggesting differences in the baseline biology of genetic subtypes of infiltrating glioma. Furthermore, MRI signatures are now being associated with complex gene expression profiles and cellular signalling pathways through genome-wide microarray studies using samples obtained by image guidance which may be co-registered with clinical imaging. In this review we describe the pathobiology, molecular pathogenesis, stem cells and imaging characteristics of gliomas with emphasis on astrocytomas and oligodendroglial neoplasms.

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“…However, the majority with reported molecular data, including one case from our own institution (not reported), show at least partial loss or other alterations of 1p, 16 a finding only rarely seen in hemispheric pediatric oligodendrogliomas. [40][41][42] It is unknown how many, if any, pediatric thalamic oligodendrogliomas exhibit concurrent H3.3K27 mutations, although Solomon et al 20 report H3.3K27 mutations in a hypothalamic tumor with oligodendroglial morphology. oma, also a diagnostic consideration in the thalamus.…”

Section: Who Classification Of Tumors Of the Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Thalamic Gliomas: An Updated Review

Gupta¹,

Shaller

McFadden³

2017

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Context.-Neoplasms originating in the thalamus are rare overall (1% of all brain tumors); however, they comprise approximately 5% of pediatric intracranial tumors and approach 15% of all malignant pediatric intracranial tumors in some series.Objective.-To update readers about the current understanding of the diverse histology, biology, and behavior of pediatric thalamic tumors. Histologic verification is now thought to be critical for planning treatment, and, as a result, biopsy and total/subtotal resections are much more common today than in the past.Data Sources.-A PubMed search using the keywords ''pediatric þ thalamic þ glioma'' yielded 45 publications with a total of 445 cases of thalamic gliomas in patients less than 18 years of age. We found only 9 substantial institutional series tabulating all encountered thalamic histologic types in children. This survey confirmed a high proportion of astrocytomas, 81% (214 of 265), of which approximately two-thirds were diffuse astrocytomas (146 of 214) and one-third were pilocytic astrocytomas (68 of 214). Of the diffuse astrocytomas, 34% (49 of 146) were low grade (World Health Organization grade II) and 55% (81 of 146) were high grade (World Health Organization grade III or IV), making the latter subgroup the largest single category of all pediatric thalamic tumors. Oligodendrogliomas and ependymomas (mostly anaplastic in both cases) comprised 10% and 3% of all pediatric thalamic tumors, respectively.Conclusions.-Tissue diagnosis is now thought crucial for prognostication and treatment, particularly as more potentially therapeutic molecular targets are discovered. Secure diagnosis allows identification of tumors for which resection is more feasible and beneficial.

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Losses of chromosomes 1p and 19q are rare in pediatric oligodendrogliomas

Cited by 103 publications

References 12 publications

Original article Loss of genetic material within 1p and 19q chromosomal arms in low grade gliomas of central nervous system

Original article Loss of genetic material within 1p and 19q chromosomal arms in low grade gliomas of central nervous system

Biology, genetics and imaging of glial cell tumours

Pediatric Thalamic Gliomas: An Updated Review

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