Loss of function of a rice TPR-domain RNA-binding protein confers broad-spectrum disease resistance

Zhao, Xiaogang; Liao, Haicheng; Chern, Mawsheng; Yin, Junjie; Chen, Yufei; Wang, Jianping; Zhu, Xiaobo; Chen, Zhixiong; Yuan, Can; Zhao, Wen; Wang, Jing; Li, Weitao; He, Min; Ma, Bo; Qin, Peng; Chen, Weilan; Wang, Yuping; Liu, Jiali; Qian, Yangwen; Wang, Wenming; Wu, Xiaoyun; Li, Ping; Zhu, Lihuang; Li, Shigui; Ronald, Pamela C.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1705927115

Cited by 177 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Interestingly, various genes involved in BSR have been discovered in crops [197], only a few have been utilized due to consequent yield penalty [35,198] and none of the BSR genes formerly identified, coding for proteins possessing RNA-binding activity by [108,[199][200][201]. However, Zhou X. et al [202] identified broad spectrum resistance Kitaake-1 (bsr-k1) mutant conferring BSR against X. oryzae pvoryzae and Magnaporthe oryzae with no consequent effect on yield in rice. It was revealed that the mRNAs of OsPAL genes which are associated with defense in plants was bounded by bsr-k1 protein, thus, promoting their turnover.…”

Section: Pals: Emerging Key Players In Broad Spectrum Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Phenylpropanoid Pathway Engineering: An Emerging Approach towards Plant Defense

et al. 2020

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Pathogens hitting the plant cell wall is the first impetus that triggers the phenylpropanoid pathway for plant defense. The phenylpropanoid pathway bifurcates into the production of an enormous array of compounds based on the few intermediates of the shikimate pathway in response to cell wall breaches by pathogens. The whole metabolomic pathway is a complex network regulated by multiple gene families and it exhibits refined regulatory mechanisms at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational levels. The pathway genes are involved in the production of anti-microbial compounds as well as signaling molecules. The engineering in the metabolic pathway has led to a new plant defense system of which various mechanisms have been proposed including salicylic acid and antimicrobial mediated compounds. In recent years, some key players like phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PALs) from the phenylpropanoid pathway are proposed to have broad spectrum disease resistance (BSR) without yield penalties. Now we have more evidence than ever, yet little understanding about the pathway-based genes that orchestrate rapid, coordinated induction of phenylpropanoid defenses in response to microbial attack. It is not astonishing that mutants of pathway regulator genes can show conflicting results. Therefore, precise engineering of the pathway is an interesting strategy to aim at profitably tailored plants. Here, this review portrays the current progress and challenges for phenylpropanoid pathway-based resistance from the current prospective to provide a deeper understanding.

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Section: Pals: Emerging Key Players In Broad Spectrum Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Phenylpropanoid Pathway Engineering: An Emerging Approach towards Plant Defense

et al. 2020

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“…Kitaake has been used to establish multiple mutant populations, including an RNAi mutant collection [6], T-DNA insertion collections [4], [7], and a whole-genome sequenced mutant population of KitaakeX, a Kitaake variety carrying the Xa21 immune receptor gene (formerly called X.Kitaake) [8, 9]. Kitaake has been used to explore diverse aspects of rice biology, including flowering time [10], disease resistance [11], [12], [13], small RNA biology [14], and the CRISPR-Cas9 and TALEN technologies [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequence of the model rice variety KitaakeX

Jain

Jenkins

Shu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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34 Here, we report the de novo genome sequencing and analysis of Oryza sativa ssp. japonica variety 35 KitaakeX, a Kitaake plant carrying the rice XA21 immune receptor. Our KitaakeX sequence assembly 36 contains 377.6 Mb, consisting of 33 scaffolds (476 contigs) with a contig N50 of 1.4 Mb. Complementing 37 the assembly are detailed gene annotations of 35,594 protein coding genes. We identified 331,335 genomic 38 variations between KitaakeX and Nipponbare (ssp. japonica), and 2,785,991 variations between KitaakeX 39 and Zhenshan97 (ssp. indica). We also compared Kitaake resequencing reads to the KitaakeX assembly 40 and identified 219 small variations. The high-quality genome of the model rice plant KitaakeX will accelerate 41 rice functional genomics. 42 Background 45 Rice (Oryza sativa) provides food for more than half of the world's population [1] and also serves 46 as a model for studies of other monocotyledonous species. Cultivated rice contains two major types of O. 47 sativa, the O. sativa indica/Xian group and the O. sativa japonica/Geng group. Using genomic markers, two 48 additional minor types have been recognized, the circum-Aus group and the circum-Basmati group [2]. 3The Kitaake cultivar (ssp. japonica), which originated at the northern limit of rice cultivation in 50 Hokkaido, Japan [3], has emerged as a model for rice research [4] because it is extremely early flowering, 51 easy to propagate, and short in stature [5]. Kitaake has been used to establish multiple mutant 52 populations, including an RNAi mutant collection [6], T-DNA insertion collections [4], [7], and a whole-53 genome sequenced mutant population of KitaakeX, a Kitaake variety carrying the Xa21 immune receptor 54 gene (formerly called X.Kitaake) [8, 9]. Kitaake has been used to explore diverse aspects of rice biology, 55 including flowering time [10], disease resistance [11], [12], [13], small RNA biology [14], and the CRISPR-56 Cas9 and TALEN technologies [15], [16]. 57The unavailability of the Kitaake genome sequence has posed an obstacle to the use of Kitaake 58 in rice research. For example, analysis of a fast-neutron (FN) induced mutant population in KitaakeX [8], 59 required the use of Nipponbare (ssp. japonica) as the reference. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas9 guide RNAs 60 cannot be accurately designed for Kitaake without a complete sequence. To address these issues, we 61 assembled a high-quality genome sequence of KitaakeX, compared its genome to the genomes of rice 62 varieties Nipponbare and Zhenshan97 (ssp. indica), and identified genomic variations. 63 Results 64Kitaake has long been recognized as a rapid life-cycle variety [17], but it has yet to be systematically 65 compared to other rice varieties. We compared the flowering time of KitaakeX with other sequenced rice 66 varieties under long-day conditions (14 h light/10 h dark). Consistent with other studies, we found that 67 KitaakeX flowers much earlier than other varieties ( Fig. 1a, 1b), heading at 54 days after germination. Other 68 rice varieties Nipponbare, 93-11 (ss...

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“…We also show here that the G5-TPR alone does not interact with RNA, irrespectively of whether it consisted of single or double stranded molecules, short hairpins, long stem-loops, or DNA ( Figure 3). This result establishes a main difference with proteins carrying TPR domains involved in RNA-dependent pathways or in direct RNA-binding (Abbas et al, 2013;Grotwinkel et al, 2014;Johnson et al, 2018;Katibah et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2018). The high sequence conservation of the TPR-like domain strongly suggests that the dimerization module of Gemin5 plays a fundamental role for the architecture and activity of the protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A novel dimerization module in Gemin5 is critical for protein recruitment and translation control

Moreno-Morcillo

Francisco‐Velilla

Embarc-Buh

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The versatile multifunctional protein Gemin5 is involved in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) assembly, ribosome binding, and translation control through distinct domains located at the protein ends. However, the structure and function of the central moiety of Gemin5 remained unknown. Here, we solved the crystal structure of an extended tetratricopeptide (TPR)-like domain in the middle region of Gemin5, demonstrating that it self-assembles into a canoe-shaped dimer. Mass spectrometry analysis shows that this dimerization module is functional in living cells and drives the interaction between p85, a viral-induced Gemin5 cleavage fragment, and the full-length Gemin5. In contrast, disruption of the dimerization surface by a point mutation in the TPR-like domain prevents this interaction and abrogates the translation enhancement induced by p85. The structural characterization of this unprecedented dimerization domain provides the mechanistic basis for a role of the middle region of Gemin5 as a key mediator of protein-protein interactions. KeywordsGemin5 dimerization, tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR), alpha-solenoid, RNA-binding protein (RBP), translation regulation, Gemin5-cleavage product p85, X-ray crystallography, proteinprotein interaction, mass spectrometry, RNA-binding site (RBS).

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Loss of function of a rice TPR-domain RNA-binding protein confers broad-spectrum disease resistance

Cited by 177 publications

References 37 publications

Phenylpropanoid Pathway Engineering: An Emerging Approach towards Plant Defense

Phenylpropanoid Pathway Engineering: An Emerging Approach towards Plant Defense

Genome sequence of the model rice variety KitaakeX

A novel dimerization module in Gemin5 is critical for protein recruitment and translation control

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