Loss methods in HEC-HMS model for streamflow projection under climate change: a review

Simulation of Rainfall-Runoff in the Diyala River Basin in Iraq using Hydrological Model by HMS with remote sensing, Geo-HMS and ArcGIS

“…II-Deficit and constant loss method: This method deals with a single layer of soil to estimate loss through changing of soil moisture i.e. for the next enough time with no rainfall, again recovering initial loss [29]. The rate of infiltration can be limited by the ability and capacity of the soil layer to store water.…”

“…Therefore, it represents more reality in a simple way. It is easy in use and widely used [6,27,29,30] It was adopted the SCS curve-number loss method as the method of estimating the losses due to infiltration because of this method is widely used, it is easy in simulation and simply treating with the phenomenon; suitable for available data gotten for the studied basin; and it gives good and satisfactory results.…”

“…But some unreality seen for this method such as the proportional relations could not be found in the streamflow, each season can affect directly for time invariance, and over space or time is rarely seen uniform distribution of precipitation [25]. Usually, one or two independent variables affect the UH, related to basin characteristics [29]. There are different ways to calculate unit hydrograph; User Specified UH; and Clark and ModClark.…”

“…The methods of estimating the baseflow within HMS are: i-Bounded Recession ii-Constant Monthy iii-Linear Reservoir iv-Non-Linear Boussinesq v-Recession HEC-HMS manual shows that the Constant-Monthy method is used for a long available observed data [25]. In 2010, Oleyiblo and Li and, in 2011, Ali et al proved and showed that the common method used to simulate the baseflow is the Recession method [29]. Therefore, it was adopted such method with some details of the difference between it and the bounded one.…”