Loss effects in the spectra of polarization modulational instability in weakly birefringent optical fibers

Ngabireng, C. M.; Ambomo, S.; Dinda, P. Tchofo; Moubissi, A. B.

doi:10.1088/2040-8978/13/8/085201

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Optical fibers have been used as a mode of transmission of these photons in most QKD commercial applications [7]. Unfortunately, optical fibers undergo some slow fluctuations in the birefringence, and this can be modeled as a collective-noise [8,9]. As a result, avoiding noise in the communication process is challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of Bennett–Brassard 1984 Quantum-Key Distribution under a Collective-Rotation Noise Channel

2022

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The security analysis of the Ekert 1991 (E91), Bennett 1992 (B92), six-state protocol, Scarani–Acín–Ribordy–Gisin 2004 (SARG04) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, and their variants have been studied in the presence of collective-rotation noise channels. However, besides the Bennett–Brassard 1984 (BB84) being the first proposed, extensively studied, and essential protocol, its security proof under collective-rotation noise is still missing. Thus, we aim to close this gap in the literature. Consequently, we investigate how collective-rotation noise channels affect the security of the BB84 protocol. Mainly, we study scenarios where the eavesdropper, Eve, conducts an intercept-resend attack on the transmitted photons sent via a quantum communication channel shared by Alice and Bob. Notably, we distinguish the impact of collective-rotation noise and that of the eavesdropper. To achieve this, we provide rigorous, yet straightforward numerical calculations. First, we derive a model for the collective-rotation noise for the BB84 protocol and parametrize the mutual information shared between Alice and Eve. This is followed by deriving the quantum bit error rate (QBER) for two intercept-resend attack scenarios. In particular, we demonstrate that, for small rotation angles, one can extract a secure secret key under a collective-rotation noise channel when there is no eavesdropping. We observe that noise induced by rotation of 0.35 radians of the prepared quantum state results in a QBER of 11%, which corresponds to the lower bound on the tolerable error rate for the BB84 QKD protocol against general attacks. Moreover, a rotational angle of 0.53 radians yields a 25% QBER, which corresponds to the error rate bound due to the intercept-resend attack. Finally, we conclude that the BB84 protocol is robust against intercept-resend attacks on collective-rotation noise channels when the rotation angle is varied arbitrarily within particular bounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of Bennett–Brassard 1984 Quantum-Key Distribution under a Collective-Rotation Noise Channel

2022

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“…The influence of group velocity mismatch (GVM) on MI was reported by Drummond et al [21] and showed that the MI process gradually decreases as GVM decreases and vanishes as GVM becomes zero. The detailed investigation of MI for single and dual pump has been reported [22,23]. In parallel, pump photons launched into different spatial modes give rise to intermodal MI (IM-MI).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modal group-velocity mismatch induced intermodal modulation instability in step-index fiber

Mondal¹,

Varshney²

2019

J. Opt.

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We present detailed experimental study on noise-seeded intermodal modulation instability (IM-MI) in normal dispersion region of a conventional step-index fiber. The sharp refractive index contrast between core and cladding leads to large group velocity mismatch between the spatial modes, coaxing to efficient IM-MI and generation of multiple spectral peaks along with Raman peaks. Evolution of the spectrum with pump powers and fiber lengths are observed. Experimental findings are well supported with the theoretical framework based on bimodal-MI model considering the distinct dispersion parameters of the participating modes.

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Impact of fourth-order dispersion in the spectra of polarization-modulational instability in highly nonlinear fibers

Abou’ou¹,

Dinda²,

Ngabireng³

et al. 2013

Phys. Rev. A

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Loss effects in the spectra of polarization modulational instability in weakly birefringent optical fibers

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Security of Bennett–Brassard 1984 Quantum-Key Distribution under a Collective-Rotation Noise Channel

Security of Bennett–Brassard 1984 Quantum-Key Distribution under a Collective-Rotation Noise Channel

Modal group-velocity mismatch induced intermodal modulation instability in step-index fiber

Impact of fourth-order dispersion in the spectra of polarization-modulational instability in highly nonlinear fibers

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