Los huesos olvidados del dolmen de Carrascal (Agualva, Sintra, Portugal). Examinando los restos humanos antiguos

Silva, Ana Maria; Sousa, Ana Catarina; Boaventura, Rui; Scarre, Chris

doi:10.3989/tp.2019.12242

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Examples of funerary series that begin within this timeframe are to be found in the southeast and southwest of the peninsula, where excellent dating studies have been carried out in necropolises such as El Barranquete, Panoría, Las Churuletas, Llano del Jautón or La Atalaya (Granada and Almería) (e.g. ; Aranda Jiménez and Lozano Medina 2014; Lozano Medina and Aranda Jiménez 2018; Aranda Jiménez et al 2017, 2018a, 2018b, 2020b); in Pozuelo (Huelva) (Linares-Catela 2022); or in central and southern Portugal (Rocha and Morgado 2020), in the Areita dolmen (Viseu) (García Sanjuán et al 2022), the Carrascal dolmen (Sintra) (Silva et al 2019) or the El Sobreva dolmen (El Guiry et al 2016), to name a few examples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronological Study of Collective Burials in the Northern Iberian Plateau: Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates on Human Bones From the Megalithic Complex of La Lora (Burgos, Spain)

Santa Cruz

2024

Radiocarbon

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This paper offers a temporal analysis of the megalithic group of La Lora in the context of northern Iberian Plateau megalithism. For this purpose, 67 accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dates were obtained on human bone from the minimum number of individuals recovered from nine tombs. This is the first systematic dating project carried out in this dolmen group and has enabled the chronology of the main funerary series to be updated. The results reveal that the actual funerary use dates mainly to the 4th millennium BC, although, as deduced from the archaeological material, some tombs were reused in later periods. Additionally, the significant architectural polymorphism of the group, consisting mainly of simple dolmens and large corridor tombs, suggested a temporal evolution to monumentality. However, the dating shows a more complex reality, since it is likely that the large tombs functioned as funerary pantheons during the 4th millennium BC, characterized by a cyclical and recurrent use. In contrast, the simpler structures were preferred to be of shorter use and restricted to the first half of the 4th millennium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronological Study of Collective Burials in the Northern Iberian Plateau: Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates on Human Bones From the Megalithic Complex of La Lora (Burgos, Spain)

Santa Cruz

2024

Radiocarbon

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“…Nonetheless, in some tombs, a repeated absence of some anatomical elements has been observed, which raises questions regarding the state of the bodies at the point of deposition in those megalithic structures (Chambon, 2000, 2003; Crubézy, 2021). At present, greater flexibility is considered in the interpretation of the assemblages, encompassing a wide range of funerary actions during hundreds of years of burials in megalithic mortuary spaces (Beckett, 2011; Fernández‐Crespo, 2015; Gonçalves et al, 2016; Leclerc, 1990; Silva et al, 2019, 2021; Smith & Brickley, 2009; Vílchez Suárez et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two examples of anthropic manipulation and postmortem processing of human remains at megalithic sites in inland Iberia: La Cabaña and Los Zumacales (Spanish northern sub‐plateau)

Santa‐Cruz,

Velasco‐Vázquez

2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Several recent studies have demonstrated the complexity of funerary practices in megalithic burials. Mortuary taphonomy has proposed models to explain these practices, in which different actions, such as the generation of primary and secondary deposits, the selection and manipulation of bone remains, the extraction of materials from the grave, and so forth, can be identified. However, in the northern sub‐plateau of the Iberian Peninsula, the interpretation of funerary gestures related to megalithic tombs has not been systematically studied from the perspective of taphonomy. In this paper, we study two sites, Los Zumacales and La Lora, dated to the fourth millennium B.C. The analysis considers all the burial practices linked with megalithic tombs, with a focus on the social and natural processes involved in the formation of these complex mortuary deposits. In both examples, direct evidence of perimortem manipulation of human remains is documented by the presence of fresh fractures and cut marks in different long bones. As suggested in the discussion, this evidence may be related to secondary reduction practices following the initial deposition of the bodies.

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More than they could chew: Activity‐induced dental modifications in a Portuguese medieval–modern rural population

Neves

Silva

Simões

et al. 2022

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Non‐masticatory dental lesions (e.g., notching, interproximal grooving, polished surfaces, lingual tilting, and dental trauma) may help evaluate the impact that dietary, individual, or social‐cultural habits had on ancient populations. Thus, this study aims to describe and discuss possible causes for dental wear and trauma recorded in 1206 commingled teeth recovered from a medieval‐modern ossuary in Miranda do Corvo (Coimbra, Portugal). All teeth were observed macroscopically under good light conditions. Dental wear and traumatic injuries were recorded according to their location. Atypical wear was divided into five categories—notches and grooves, polished surfaces, oblique wear plane, interproximal grooves, and lingual tilting. Higher mean values of occlusal dental wear were found in the anterior dentition (3.03 ± 1.457; n = 396), being the central incisors the more worn out (3.19 ± 1.28; n = 102). In all, 11.0% of the observed teeth presented atypical wear (130/1185), being anterior teeth (26.7%; 112/419) more affected than posterior (17.0%; 128/765). The most common alterations were notches/grooves (50.0% of the teeth with atypical wear; 65/130) and dental microtrauma (20.3% of the observed teeth; 240/1184). Furthermore, teeth presenting microtrauma were more affected by atypical wear, affecting 38.9% (48/130) of the worn teeth. An association between chipping and notches and/or grooves (62.5%; 30/48) was also noted. The obtained results, namely, the morphology and distribution of the “incisor‐dominant” dental wear and dental trauma patterns, suggest that many individuals of this population may have used their teeth as a “third hand” in routine practices. However, some types of atypical wear, namely, polished lingual surfaces of anterior teeth, may have had other causes, such as malocclusion. This study provides new insights into how ancient populations used their dentitions, even when the osteological remains are recovered from a commingled context.

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Los huesos olvidados del dolmen de Carrascal (Agualva, Sintra, Portugal). Examinando los restos humanos antiguos

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Chronological Study of Collective Burials in the Northern Iberian Plateau: Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates on Human Bones From the Megalithic Complex of La Lora (Burgos, Spain)

Chronological Study of Collective Burials in the Northern Iberian Plateau: Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates on Human Bones From the Megalithic Complex of La Lora (Burgos, Spain)

Two examples of anthropic manipulation and postmortem processing of human remains at megalithic sites in inland Iberia: La Cabaña and Los Zumacales (Spanish northern sub‐plateau)

More than they could chew: Activity‐induced dental modifications in a Portuguese medieval–modern rural population

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