Lorentz symmetry breaking -- classical and quantum aspects

Mariz, T.; Nascimento, J. R.; Petrov, A. Yu.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2205.02594

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…GR predicts two linearly independent polarizations for GWs propagating in vacuum, traveling at the speed of light. Possible modifications for observable Lorentz and CPT violating effects from (6) include birefringence, e.g., altered relative travel speeds between the polarizations, which result from the two possible signs for | ζ| in (6), requiring a minimum mass dimension 5. Furthermore, the presence of higher powers of frequency and momentum in the terms above, indicates beyond GR dispersion as well.…”

Section: Theoretical Derivation Of a Dispersion Relation For Gravitat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the search for a fundamental unified theory of physics, it may be imperative to reconsider the axioms underlying General Relativity (GR) and the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Many theoretical proposals argue for a possible breaking of spacetime symmetries, including Lorentz invariance (LI) and Charge-Parity-Time (CPT) symmetry [1][2][3][4][5][6], in such a way that it may be detectable in sensitive tests. The direct detections of gravitational waves (GWs) reported by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration provide a new channel to test the rich phenomenology induced by spacetimesymmetry breaking in the gravitation sector [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Search for anisotropic, birefringent spacetime-symmetry breaking in gravitational wave propagation from GWTC-3

et al. 2023

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An effective field theory framework, the Standard-Model Extension, is used to investigate the existence of Lorentz and CPT-violating effects during gravitational wave propagation. We implement a modified equation for the dispersion of gravitational waves, that includes isotropic, anisotropic and birefringent dispersion. Using the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA algorithm library suite, we perform a joint Bayesian inference of the source parameters and coefficients for spacetime symmetry breaking. From a sample of 45 high confidence events selected in the GWTC-3 catalog, we obtain a maximal bound of 3.19 × 10 −15 m at 90% CI for the isotropic coefficient k(5) (V )00 when assuming the anisotropic coefficients to be zero. The combined measurement of all the dispersion parameters yields limits on the order of 10 −13 m for the 16 k(5) (V )ij coefficients. We study the robustness of our inference by comparing the constraints obtained with different waveform models, and find that a lack of physics in the simulated waveform may appear as spacetime symmetry breaking-induced dispersion for a subset of events.

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Section: Theoretical Derivation Of a Dispersion Relation For Gravitat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for anisotropic, birefringent spacetime-symmetry breaking in gravitational wave propagation from GWTC-3

et al. 2023

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“…Suggestions for hypothetical new forces that could modify gravity at short ranges abound in the literature [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In particular, miniscule but potentially detectable violations of fundamental symmetries underlying general relativity (GR) can arise in a plethora of ways [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The breaking of local Lorentz symmetry, for instance, can modify gravity on short ranges while being consistent with longer range measurements [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-range forces due to Lorentz-symmetry violation

Bailey¹,

James²,

Slone³

et al. 2023

Class. Quantum Grav.

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Complementing previous theoretical and experimental work, we explore new types of short-range modiﬁcations to Newtonian gravity arising from spacetime-symmetry breaking. The ﬁrst non-perturbative, i.e., to all orders in coeﬃcients for Lorentz-symmetry breaking, are constructed in the Newtonian limit. We make use of the generic symmetry-breaking terms modifying the gravity sector and examine the isotropic coeﬃcient limit. The results show new kinds of force law corrections, going beyond the standard Yukawa parameterization. Further, there are ranges of the values of the coeﬃcients that could make the resulting forces large compared to the Newtonian prediction at short distances. Experimental signals are discussed for typical test mass arrangements.

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“…First bounds on diffeomorphism violation via modified, nondynamical spin-gravity couplings were determined in the recent papers [69,70]. The gravitational SME provides one powerful branch among the numerous possibilities of modifying GR that are on the market [71][72][73][74][75][76]. It covers particular modified-gravity theories such as Brans-Dicke theory [77] and dRGT massive gravity [78] where the connection to the latter was established in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmology in the presence of diffeomorphism-violating, nondynamical background fields

Reyes,

Schreck,

Soto

2022

Preprint

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We consider diffeomorphism violation, which is parameterized by nondynamical background fields of the gravitational Standard-Model Extension (SME), and study its effects on the time evolution of the Universe. Our goal is to identify background field configurations that imply stages of accelerated expansion without exotic forms of matter and radiation present. Although our approach gives rise to a set of restrictive conditions, configurations are encountered that exhibit this property or show other interesting behaviors. The findings of our article, which is among the first to apply the SME to a cosmological setting, provide an initial understanding of how to technically incorporate background fields into the cosmological evolution equations and what their phenomenological impact may be.

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Lorentz symmetry breaking -- classical and quantum aspects

Cited by 3 publications

References 181 publications

Search for anisotropic, birefringent spacetime-symmetry breaking in gravitational wave propagation from GWTC-3

Search for anisotropic, birefringent spacetime-symmetry breaking in gravitational wave propagation from GWTC-3

Short-range forces due to Lorentz-symmetry violation

Cosmology in the presence of diffeomorphism-violating, nondynamical background fields

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