LoRaWAN: Evaluation of Link- and System-Level Performance

Feltrin, Luca; Buratti, Chiara; Vinciarelli, Enrico; Bonis, R. De; Verdone, Roberto

doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2828867

Cited by 84 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Interference is particularly detrimental when users with the same spreading factor collide since the spreading can no longer mitigate the interference. The authors of [27] perform an experimental assessment of the link-level characteristics of the LoRa system, followed by a system-level simulation to assess the capacity of a LoRaWAN network.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Error Rate of the LoRa Modulation With Interference

Afisiadis

Cotting

Burg

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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LoRa is a chirp spread-spectrum modulation developed for the Internet of Things. In this work, we examine the performance of LoRa in the presence of both additive white Gaussian noise and interference from another LoRa user. To this end, we extend an existing interference model, which assumes perfect alignment of the signal of interest and the interference, to the more realistic case where the interfering user is neither chip-nor phase-aligned with the signal of interest and we derive an expression for the error rate. We show that the existing aligned interference model overestimates the effect of interference on the error rate. Moreover, we prove two symmetries in the interfering signal and we derive low-complexity approximate formulas that can significantly reduce the complexity of computing the symbol and frame error rates compared to the complete expression. Finally, we provide numerical simulations to corroborate the theoretical analysis and to verify the accuracy of our proposed approximations. ). layer, which uses an ALOHA-based channel access scheme in which collisions are not explicitly avoided. These collisions lead to same-technology inter-user interference which may ultimately become the capacity-limiting factor in massive IoT scenarios [13]. For this reason, it is of great interest and importance to study the performance of LoRa under sametechnology interference.The authors of [14] present a mathematical network model for LoRa that includes the capture effect, i.e., the fact that a LoRa packet can be correctly decoded even under interference from another LoRa packet. A stochastic geometry framework for modeling the performance of a single gateway LoRa network is used in [15]. An investigation of the latency, collision rate, and throughput for LoRaWAN under duty-cycle restrictions is performed in [16]. Several real-world deployments of LoRa have been tested, but in order to assess the network scalability of LoRaWAN to future network densities that are expected to be orders of magnitude larger, evaluations through network simulators need to be performed. For this reason, the works of [17], [18] added LoRa functionality to the well-known ns-3 network simulator. A simpler Python-based network simulator for the LoRa uplink was first described in [19], and later extended for the LoRa downlink in [20]. The impact of the downlink feedback on LoRa capacity was also studied in [21]. A general overview and performance evaluations of LoRaWAN can be found in [13], [22].The impact of interference coming from different technologies on the performance of the LoRa modulation has received some attention in the literature. Specifically, [23] studies the co-existence of LoRa with IEEE 802.15.4g, while [24] studies the co-existence of LoRa with ultra-narrowband technologies, such as Sigfox. The impact of interference coming from other LoRa nodes has also received some attention. Specifically, the work of [25] extended the simulator of [19] in order to study the impact of imperfect orthogonality between different LoRa spr...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Error Rate of the LoRa Modulation With Interference

Afisiadis

Cotting

Burg

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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“…Similarly to (11), in the presence of interference the SER conditioned on s, y I , and ω, can be written as…”

Section: B Symbol Error Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the AWGN-limited regime, the above approximation becomes inaccurate, since no single bin dominates the error rate. Let P (N ) (ŝ = s) denote the SER under AWGN given in (11). Then, a final estimate of the SER that is more accurate also in the low SNR regime can be obtained as Aligned [13] MC Approx.…”

Section: B Symbol Error Rate Approximationmentioning

confidence: 99%

LoRa Symbol Error Rate Under Non-Aligned Interference

Afisiadis

Cotting

Burg

et al. 2019

2019 53rd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers

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In this work, we examine the performance of the LoRa chirp spread spectrum modulation in the presence of both additive white Gaussian noise and interference from another LoRa user. To this end, we extend an existing interference model to the more realistic case where the interfering user is neither chip-nor phase-aligned with the signal of interest and we derive an expression for the SER. We show that the existing interference model overestimates the effect of interference on the error rate. Moreover, we derive a low-complexity approximate formula that can significantly reduce the complexity of computing the symbol error rate compared to the complete expression.

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“…Considering the recency of LoRaWAN technology for the Internet of Things, some studies have evaluated the performance of LoRaWAN propagation in various urban scenarios. These studies are mainly based on the real-world measurements [5], [6], [25]- [27]. However, these works do not provide an alternative to individuals, private or public who may wish to plan for LoRaWAN networks.…”

Section: F Motivation For Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace-Driven Simulation for LoRaWan868 MHz Propagation in an Urban Scenario

Harinda

Larijani

Gibson

2019

2019 UK/ China Emerging Technologies (UCET)

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Long-range, low-power wide area network (Lo-RaWAN) is a very scalable solution for the Internet of Things (IoT). Performance evaluation of LoRaWAN in Urban environments is a challenging task. Theoretical modeling results have been inaccurate. In this paper, a trace-driven simulation for LoRaWAN 868 MHz propagation was performed using GPS data and their corresponding received signal level. The dataset has been extracted from 5015 datasets of LoRaWAN measurements taken from Glasgow city center. ICS-Telecom was used to simulate the real-world measurement environment. Comparison of trace-simulated results and the real-world data is performed to evaluate the prediction accuracy of Deygout 94, ITU-R 525/526 and COST-Walfish Ikegami (COST-WI) propagation models. All models over-estimated LoRaWAN trace-simulated received signal strength (RSS) levels in comparison to real-world collected samples. While Deygout 94 prediction accuracy was higher with mean absolute error (MAE) at 0.83 and standard deviation (SD) at 4.17, COST-WI performed poorly with MAE and SD at 2.87 and 10.96 respectively.

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LoRaWAN: Evaluation of Link- and System-Level Performance

Cited by 84 publications

References 11 publications

On the Error Rate of the LoRa Modulation With Interference

On the Error Rate of the LoRa Modulation With Interference

LoRa Symbol Error Rate Under Non-Aligned Interference

Trace-Driven Simulation for LoRaWan868 MHz Propagation in an Urban Scenario

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