LoRa IoT-Based Architecture for Advanced Metering Infrastructure in Residential Smart Grid

Abstract

Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are opening new opportunities and services for different smart grid applications such as advanced meter infrastructures (AMI), distributed energy resources, and electric vehicles. Among these applications, AMIs represent the first step toward future smart grid implementation by enabling the reading and recording of electric power consumption on request or a schedule. In this study, the main focus is designing an IoT-based architecture to support AMIs' daily reporting and billing in a residential grid. First, the network modeling for AMI is discussed. Long range (LoRa) technology, as one of the promising candidates for long range low power wide area networks (LPWANs), has been studied and discussed. A comprehensive analysis of the LoRa-based architecture is given for a case study of an actual residential grid, Puerto Montt, Chile. The results are analyzed and discussed for packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, throughput, number of collisions, and frequency distribution.

Modeling the End-to-End Energy Consumption of a Nation-Wide Smart Metering Infrastructure

“…Thus, a significant amount of concentrators could be removed from the smart metering infrastructure, inducing a significant reduction in energy consumption. Recent studies have shown the suitability of such long range wireless communication in a smart grid context, as presented in [30]. However, shifting from one communication technology to another implies a replacement of the current infrastructure, thus inducing gray energy consumption, in addition to installation costs for the grid operator.…”

Energy-Efficient LoRa Routing for Smart Grids

“…Integrated home automation systems that utilise multiple communication technologies such as LoRaWAN, server-based LoRa gateways, and Bluetooth connectivity to control different types of appliances were proposed by [ 26 ]. IoT-based AMI daily reporting and billing in a residential grid using LoRa technology were designed by [ 27 ]. A new two-hop implementation of the LoRa WAN LEACH protocol (LLP) was proposed by [ 28 ] using the LEACH algorithm to optimise the throughput and power dissipation.…”

LoRa Enabled Smart Inverters for Microgrid Scenarios with Widespread Elements

“…As another smart grid application, but from a different viewpoint, a LoRaWAN communication system was evaluated for monitoring residential consumption, billing, and scheduling purposes. In this case, an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) was proposed based on using LoRaWAN protocol and performance aspects, such as packet deliver ratio (PDR), packet collisions, throughput, and transmission power consumption were evaluated by simulations [39].…”