Looking through the eyes of the powerful

Lammers, Joris; Gordijn, Ernestine; Otten, Sabine

doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.03.015

Cited by 115 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The fact that this manipulation required participants to put themselves into a high power position might be seen as limitation. However, the concept of power needs to be activated when the attraction of power is assessed and power research has demonstrated similar effects for the mere activation of the concept of power and the priming of a power role (e.g., Lammers, Gordijn, & Otten, 2008;Schmid Mast, Jonas, & Hall, 2009). Therefore, we believe that a priming of the construal of power as opportunity vs. responsibility that comes without the priming of a high power role, should demonstrate the same effect as the current studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The attraction of social power: The influence of construing power as opportunity versus responsibility

Sassenberg¹,

Ellemers

Scheepers

2012

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

111

121

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The attraction of social power: The influence of construing power as opportunity versus responsibility

Sassenberg¹,

Ellemers

Scheepers

2012

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

111

121

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“…Also, Gordijn et al (2008) and are not specifically interested in the reactions of group members of low status groups. In our study, we chose a group that clearly occupies a low power and status position in society and this is important because these people are precisely the ones that meta-stereotype the most (Lammers et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In line with this idea, Gordijn, Oldenhuis, and Otten (2008) found that only high prejudiced people expressed attitudes in line with an activated negative meta-stereotype. (Lammers, Gordijn, & Otten, 2008). Moroccan youth in the Netherlands occupies a relatively powerless position and Moroccan teenagers are therefore very likely to meta-stereotype.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

What I think you see is what you get: Influence of prejudice on assimilation to negative meta‐stereotypes among Dutch Moroccan teenagers

Kamans

Gordijn

Oldenhuis

et al. 2009

Euro J Social Psych

Self Cite

104

120

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This research examined how Dutch Moroccan teenagers in the Netherlands deal with the negative stereotype that they believe the Dutch have about their group. We hypothesize that Moroccans act in line with this negative image when they are prejudiced against the Dutch and feel personally meta-stereotyped. A survey study among 88 Dutch Moroccan teenagers revealed that Moroccan teenagers who felt negative about the Dutch and thought that they were personally negatively stereotyped, expressed attitudes in line with this negative ''meta-stereotype.'' That is, they act in line with the outgroup's negative image by legitimizing criminality, aggression, loitering teenagers, and Muslim extremism. These findings suggest that being confronted with a negative stereotype about one's group might sometimes lead to a reaction that is both harmful for the stereotyped group as well as society in general. Copyright # 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ''Sometimes I think, you are right. You have to destroy this entire country. Dutch Moroccans are being discriminated into pieces here in Holland. '' Fouad Mourigh (Effting, 2005).Like many Muslims in today's western world, Dutch Moroccan teenagers 1 in the Netherlands are confronted with negative stereotypes about their group. And like Fouad Mourigh, many Moroccan teenagers feel that they are not accepted in Dutch society. According to Hermans (2006), these teenagers feel that the Dutch majority discriminates against them. This point is illustrated by stories of security people in shops closely watching Moroccan teenagers, and elderly women in buses holding their bags firmly when Moroccans pass by. Since 9/11 and the murder of Theo van Gogh, a Dutch filmmaker and columnist with anti-Islamic ideas who was murdered by a Muslim extremist, the perception of Moroccans being Muslim terrorists has become even more prevalent. In conclusion, the Dutch majority does not think too positively about Moroccans (Gordijn, Koomen, & Stapel, 2001), and Moroccans in the Netherlands are fully aware of this (Hermans, 2006;Starkenburg, 2005).How does it influence Moroccan teenagers when they think that the Dutch majority sees them as criminal, aggressive, or terrorist? Or more generally, what are the consequences for one's behavior when one experiences such negativity regarding one's group? Fuoad Mourigh says, ''Sometimes I think you have to destroy this entire country.'' This is of course an extreme point of view, and only a few people might be tempted to really go this far. However, when being confronted so often with the negative stereotypes of the Dutch majority about one's group, it might be that Moroccan teenagers become inclined to reciprocate this negativity. We argue that one way to do this is to legitimize behavior that is in line with this negative image, and that this is a preferred strategy for those who are not so positive about the Dutch.European Journal of Social Psychology Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 39, 842-851 (2009) When activated, meta-stereotypes can influence behavior in two ways; ...

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“…Future research could also investigate how seeking help from a judgemental outgroup is affected by the status hierarchy between the groups. If the outgroup's status is high, ingroup members may be particularly concerned about what that group thinks of their own group and such concerns may motivate stereotype disconfirming behavior (Lammers, Gordijn, & Otten, 2008). However, group members may also be concerned about revealing their needs before a high status outgroup (Nadler & Halabi, 2006), and how these potentially competing strategic concerns are balanced remains an empirical question.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Help-Seeking Helps

Wakefield

Hopkins

Greenwood

2013

Small Group Research

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Seeking help from an outgroup can be difficult, especially when the outgroup is known to stereotype the ingroup negatively and the potential recipient cares strongly about its social image. However, we ask if even highly-identified ingroup members may seek help from a judgemental outgroup if doing so allows them to disconfirm the outgroup's negative stereotype of the ingroup. We presented participants with one of two negative outgroup stereotypes of their ingroup. One could be disconfirmed through seeking help, the other could not. Study 1 (N = 43) showed group members were aware of the strategic implications of seeking help for disconfirming these stereotypes. Study 2 (N = 43) showed high identifiers acted on such strategic knowledge by seeking more help from the outgroup when helpseeking could disconfirm a negative stereotype of their group (than when it could not).Implications for the seeking and acceptance of help are discussed.Keywords: help-seeking, stereotypes, strategy, social identity.Running Head: HELP-SEEKING HELPS 3 Help-Seeking Helps: Help-Seeking and Group Image Groups provide their members with access to important social resources. When individuals see each other as members of a common social group they are more likely to help each other (Levine, Prosser, Evans, & Reicher, 2005;Wakefield et al., 2011). Moreover, group members expect social support from their fellows, and this can be empowering (Drury & Reicher, 2005; Pandey, Stevenson, Shankar, Hopkins, & Reicher, in press;Reicher & Haslam, 2010). However, seeking or accepting help can be difficult because it can be seen as implying incapability and dependence (Lee, 2002). In intergroup contexts, the psychological costs of seeking or accepting outgroup help can be particularly painful because ingroup members (especially those who are most invested in their group membership) wish to promote and maintain a positive image of their group (Tajfel, 1978). Indeed, the help-seeking literature shows that group members' concerns about their group's image and reputation can lead them to avoid outgroup help, even if this means missing out on much-needed assistance. This is especially apparent amongst those who are most concerned about their group's public image -high identifiers. For instance, Nadler and colleagues (e.g., Nadler, 2002;Nadler & Halabi, 2006) found that highly-identifying ingroup members resisted outgroup help if accepting such help risked confirming the lower status of the ingroup. Similarly, Täuber and van Zomeren (2012) found that highly-identifying ingroup members tended to refuse outgroup help that would, if accepted, risk damaging the ingroup's moral reputation while enhancing the moral reputation of the outgroup.Our own research is designed to complement and extend the analysis of the degree to which outgroup help is sought. Specifically, we address the novel question of whether there may be intergroup contexts in which ingroup members' tendency to avoid approaching an outgroup for help could be attenuated, such that ingroup memb...

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Looking through the eyes of the powerful

Cited by 115 publications

References 58 publications

The attraction of social power: The influence of construing power as opportunity versus responsibility

The attraction of social power: The influence of construing power as opportunity versus responsibility

What I think you see is what you get: Influence of prejudice on assimilation to negative meta‐stereotypes among Dutch Moroccan teenagers

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